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29 lines
1.7 KiB
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# Pakistan's foreign policy approach towards India and Afghanistan
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05-07-2025
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[[Pakistan Affairs]]
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Pakistan’s foreign policy has largely been shaped by **security imperatives**, especially concerning **India and Afghanistan**, its two most geopolitically significant neighbors. While the overarching objectives—**territorial security**, **strategic depth**, and **regional influence**—have remained consistent, the **tactical approaches** have shifted due to changing regional dynamics, global pressures, and internal political transitions.
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## Pakistan’s Approach Towards India
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### Consistent Elements
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- **Kashmir-centric stance**: Persistent support for the right of self-determination of Kashmiris.
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- **Strategic parity**: Pursuit of **nuclear deterrence** and military balance through arms build-up.
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- **Diplomatic contestation**: Opposition to India’s global positioning (e.g., NSG membership, UNSC seat).
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### Recent Status
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- No formal dialogue since 2016.
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- Suspension of trade and diplomatic engagement **post-2019 (Abrogation of Article 370)**.
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- Occasional back-channel talks via UAE and US intermediaries.
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## Pakistan’s Approach Towards Afghanistan
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### Consistent Elements
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- **Strategic influence**: Maintaining a friendly regime in Kabul to avoid Indian influence.
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- **Pashtun concerns**: Managing border tribes, cross-border movement, and **Durand Line sensitivity**.
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- **Security-centric**: Focus on minimizing **TTP threats** and **cross-border terrorism**.
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### Recent Status
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- Tensions over **border fencing**, **refugee management**, and **TTP sanctuaries**.
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- Pakistan’s inability to secure Taliban cooperation against **anti-Pakistan militancy**.
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## Mind Map
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![[pakistan's foreign policy with india and afghanistan mindmap.excalidraw|600]] |