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125 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
125 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "heuristic-evaluation"
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tags:
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- info203
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---
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>"Heuristics are strategies derived from previous experiences with similar problems"
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jacob nielsen and rolf molich
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help find usability problems
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small set of 3-5 evaluators examine UI
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independently check for compliance with usability principles
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different evaluators will find different problems
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evaluators only communicate afterwaards
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findings are aggregated at the end
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## 1 when?
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- as part of need finding -> use experts to critique existing solutions
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- before user testing -> identify minor issues before user testing
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- before redesigning -> learn what works and what should change
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- when you know there are problems but you need evidence -> "provide you with ammunition for design"
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- before release -> smooth off rough edges
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## 2 What
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### 2.1 Process
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#### 2.1.1 Overview
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Helps find problems in design
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- 3-4 evaluators examine UI
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- independent reviewers check for compliance with usability principles
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- each evaluator will find different problems
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- evaluators only communicate afterwards and the findings are aggregated
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can perform on working UI or sketches
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#### 2.1.2 Phases
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1. pre evaluation training ⇒ give evaluators needed domain knowledge and information on the scenario
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2. evaluation ⇒ individuals evaluate then aggregate result
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1. first as individuals
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2. then sit all together and aggregate
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3. Severity rating ⇒ determine how severe each problem is (priority). Can do first individually and then as a group
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4. Debriefing ⇒ review with design team
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#### 2.1.3 Individual
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dont look search for heuristics individually
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just go through the app (like a user). If we find issues, we assign them to categories
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step through design several times
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- examine details, flow, an architecture
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- consult list of usability principles
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- … and anything else that comes to mind
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which principles
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- Nielsen's heuristics
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- category specific heuristics
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- e.g., design goals, competitive analysis, existing designs
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use violations for redesign/fix problems
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multiple evaluators because no one finds everything
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some will always find more than others (Rule of thumb 5 evaluators find ~75% of problems)
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#### 2.1.4 Severity rating
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- independently estimate after viewing
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- allocate resources to fix problems
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- estimate need for more usability tests
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0. not problem
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1. cosmetic problem
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2. minor usability problem
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3. major
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4. catastrophe
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#### 2.1.5 Debreifing
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- with evaluators observers and dev team
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- discuss general characteristics of UI
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- suggest potential imporvements
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- dev team estimate effort to fix
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- brainstorm solutions
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### 2.2 Nielsen's ten heuristics
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visibility of system status
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match between system and world
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user control and freedom
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consistency and standards
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error prevention
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recognition rather than recall
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flexibility and efficiency of use
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aesthetic and minimalist design
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help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors
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help and documentation
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### 2.3 Heuristic evaluation vs user testting
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heuristics | user testing
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----------------- | --------------
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faster | slower
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1-2 hrs each |
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results pre-interpreted |
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^ done by experts |
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less accurate | more acurate
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does not take into account actual users | can find issues that experts might not have
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value to alternate methods
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^ find dfferent issues
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### 2.4 Extra tips how to individual
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- at least two passes each
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- first get get feel for flow
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- second to focus on specific elements
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- if a system is "walk up and use" or evaluators are already domain expers ⇒ no assistance is needed
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- otherwire might supply evaluators with scenarios
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- each evaluators should list issues separately
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- risk of repeating problematic aspect
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- may not be possible to fix all problems
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- where problems may be found
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- single location in UI
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- two or more locations that need to be compared
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- problem with overall structure
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- something is missing
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- ambiguous with early prototypes
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- sometimes ....
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