a48e3a7b4f
- Created a new document for Pakistan Affairs with sections on historical personalities, partition, national integration, economic challenges, political stability, foreign policy, and climate change. - Added multiple topics related to Kashmir and intergovernmental organizations. - Established a new index page for CSS Notes 2025, outlining the purpose and organization of the notes.
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History
Iran and Pakistan established relations on 14 August 1947, the day of the independence of Pakistan, when Iran became the first country to recognize Pakistan, and Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was the first head of any state to make an official state visit to Pakistan (March 1950).
During the Cold War, both countries were part of the Western Bloc against the Eastern Bloc, and both of them were the founding members of Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)—originally called The Baghdad Pact.
Following the Iranian Revolution (1979), which overthrew the Shah of Iran, Pakistan was one of the first countries to recognize the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Following the September 11 attacks, Iran and Pakistan joined the war on terror.
Pakistan has often served as a mediator in the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict. Pakistan has also provided support to Iran in the Iran–Israel proxy conflict.
Current Relations (2025)
Related Ideas
References
1. Iran–Israel War (June 2025)
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Escalation: In June 2025, Israel launched widespread airstrikes on Iranian military and nuclear facilities, killing high-ranking officials and scientists. Iran retaliated with missile and drone strikes on Israeli cities, followed by U.S. strikes on Iranian nuclear sites. A fragile ceasefire was reached on June 24, 2025 reddit.com+11countylocalnews.com+11reddit.com+11en.wikipedia.org.
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Nuclear Watch & Deterrence: Iran suspended cooperation with the IAEA, raising concerns about unchecked nuclear activities. Israel asserts it has achieved "aerial superiority" to prevent further threats ft.com.
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Regional ripple effects: Airstrikes in neighboring countries, including logistics targets in Syria, and missile strikes on U.S. bases such as Al-Udeid in Qatar, have broadened the impact en.wikipedia.org.
2. Strait of Hormuz Threat (June 22, 2025)
Iran’s parliament voted to potentially close the Strait of Hormuz—through which ~20–25% of global oil & LNG passes—in retaliation. While it hasn’t been enforced yet, it sent global oil prices spiking and further destabilized regional energy markets .
3. Diplomatic Shifts & Mediation Efforts
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Europe‑Iran nuclear talks resumed in June 2025, aiming to address Iran's nuclear program post-conflict en.wikipedia.org.
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Pakistan’s role: Islamabad has encouraged diplomacy, urging Iran-U.S. talks, exploring Iran’s offer to mediate in Kashmir tensions, and coordinating closely with Iran through Foreign Minister dialogues dawn.com+3arabnews.pk+3theweek.in+3.
🇵🇰 Impact on Pakistan
A. Border Security & Militancy
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Militant threats: Pakistan fears a destabilized Iran could see militants like Jaish al-Adl and Baloch separatists crossing into its western border—a real security risk arabnews.com+6reuters.com+6en.wikipedia.org+6.
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Border cooperation: Iranian President Pezeshkian and PM Shehbaz Sharif stressed joint efforts to secure the Iran‑Pakistan border against such threats ft.com+4arabnews.com+4dawn.com+4.
B. Economic & Energy Vulnerability
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Fuel shortages: Due to disruptions in Iranian sanctions and conflict, Balochistan is currently facing critical fuel shortages, highlighting Pakistan’s dependence on Iranian cross-border supplies economictimes.indiatimes.com.
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Long-stalled Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline remains delayed—an energy security tightrope amid U.S. sanctions en.wikipedia.org.
C. Diplomatic Balancing Act
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Condemnations and alignment: Pakistan has condemned U.S./Israeli strikes and openly supported Iran’s territorial security—all while courting Western mediation on other regional issues .
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Regional diplomacy: Pakistan welcomes Iran’s offer to mediate with India and calls for broader peace initiatives, keeping options open and non-aligned theweek.in.