--- title: "birth-of-hci" tags: - info203 --- ENIAC (one of the first programmable, electronic computers) 1946, and the first six programmers: Kay McNulty, Betty Jennings, Betty Snyder, Marlyn Meltzer, Fran Bilas, and Ruth Lichterman ![](https://i.imgur.com/w6khmh5.png) DEC PDP-8 and TI 980 (1960’s), PDP-8 is an octal computer (switches in three-bit configurations), TI 980 is a hexadecimal machine (4-bit configuration). Not interactive ![](https://i.imgur.com/XBP75oa.png) Batch processing using punch cards, still not interactive (1950s -1970s) ![](https://i.imgur.com/qsu2duq.png) IBM System/360 (mainframe computer in the 70s), Altair 8800 (one of the first home computers) ![](https://i.imgur.com/dAYc8ru.png) visicalc (Dan Bricklin 1979), and Apple II (1977) ![](https://i.imgur.com/zXmd89L.png) Sutherland, Ivan Edward (January 1963). "Sketchpad: A man-machine graphical communication system, MIT press. ![](https://i.imgur.com/0I0xCKL.png) Sutherland, Ivan Edward (January 1963). "Sketchpad: A man-machine graphical communication system, MIT press. ![](https://i.imgur.com/PkQWnPU.png) 1968 - “The Sword of Damocles” Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), “A head-mounted three dimensional display” ![](https://i.imgur.com/XPPjzNS.png) 1968 - “The Sword of Damocles” Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), “A head-mounted three dimensional display” ![](https://i.imgur.com/cvhyx7u.png) 1968 - “The Sword of Damocles” Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), “A head-mounted three dimensional display” ![](https://i.imgur.com/yYAxe2d.png) “The Mother of All Demos”, presented by Douglas Engelbart (1968) at (ACM/IEEE) Computer Society's Fall Joint Computer Conference See full demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJDv-zdhzMY ![](https://i.imgur.com/u9McBxK.png) “Dynabook” Alan C. Kay. (1972), “Personal Computer for Children of All Ages” ![](https://i.imgur.com/8IlrB6e.png) Apple Newton (1993) and Apple iPad (2010) ![](https://i.imgur.com/cpLSLUm.png) Graphical User Interface supporting “What You See Is What You Get” (WYSIWYG), the Desktop metaphor (files, folders, etc.), Xerox Parc/Xeroc Star ![](https://i.imgur.com/ccSlueJ.png) Graphical User Interface supporting “What You See Is What You Get” (WYSIWYG), the Desktop metaphor (files, folders, etc.), Xerox Parc/Xeroc Star ![](https://i.imgur.com/GY8teow.png) 1992/93 - IBM Simon First smartphone Phone, pager, calculator, address book, fax machine, and e-mail device ![](https://i.imgur.com/PmVH5Xt.png) Ramesh Raskar, Greg Welch, Matt Cutts, Adam Lake, Lev Stesin and Henry Fuchs (1998) "The Office of the Future : A Unified Approach to Image-Based Modeling and Spatially Immersive Displays," ![](https://i.imgur.com/7HLtUzS.png) 1981 - Steve Manns’s “Wearable Computing” Start of a series of prototypes for wearable computing, cyborgs, and mediated reality (-> Google Glass) www.wearcam.org, www.eyetap.org ![](https://i.imgur.com/pJtEw93.png) Nokia N95 (2007) and Apple iPhone (2007) ![](https://i.imgur.com/RZ2K6pv.png) Major innovations in HCI (Myers 1998) ![](https://i.imgur.com/uwGf8NN.png)