### High-Frequency Topics (Most Recurring)

| Theme                                       | Sub-topics                                                                                                | Years Appeared                                 |
| ------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| **Constitutional & Political System**       | 1973 Constitution, 18th Amendment, Federalism, Civil-Military Relations, Dynastic Politics, Judicial Role | 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 |
| **Democracy & Governance**                  | Democratization, Political Stability, National Integration, Political Culture, Feudalism, Elites          | 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2017, 2016 |
| **Pre-Partition Muslim Identity & Leaders** | Two-Nation Theory, 1937 Elections, Quaid-e-Azam, Aligarh Movement, Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi, Shah Waliullah  | 2024, 2023, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2016       |
| **Foreign Policy / IR**                     | US-Pakistan, China, Russia, CPEC, Afghanistan, SCO, Kashmir, Post-9/11 Foreign Policy                     | 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 |
| **National Integration / Ethnic Politics**  | Ethnic grievances, Provincial Autonomy, Resource Distribution, East Pakistan, Nationalism                 | 2024, 2023, 2022, 2018, 2016                   |
| **Global Warming & Environment**            | Climate Change, Resource Management, Green Development                                                    | 2024, 2023, 2021                               |
| **Energy & Resource Crises**                | Energy Crisis, Natural Resources, Dams, Agriculture                                                       | 2023, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017                   |

### Medium-Frequency Topics (Occasional but Important)
|Theme|Sub-topics|Years Appeared|
|---|---|---|
|**Economic Development**|Industrialization, Youth bulge, Aid/Loans, Elite Capture, Food insecurity|2023, 2022, 2021, 2019|
|**War on Terror / Internal Security**|Non-state actors, 5th Generation Warfare, Proxy Wars, National Security|2021, 2020, 2018, 2016|
|**Education & HEC**|Research, Education Policy, Youth|2017, 2023|
|**Islamic Reform Movements**|Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi, Shah Waliullah|2024, 2020, 2016|

### Low-Frequency Topics (Rare or One-Offs)
|Theme|Sub-topics|Years Appeared|
|---|---|---|
|**Mineral Resources**|Untapped Potential|2023|
|**Cultural Identity**|National Culture|2017|
|**Water Crisis / DAMS**|Delayed Dams, Suggestions|2019|
|**Foreign Policy Philosophy**|Ideology vs National Interest|2022|
|**Defense Pacts**|Western Alignment|2022