---
title: "13-pen-testing-2"
aliases: 
tags: 
- conp210
- lecture
---

# Intrusion detection cont.
## Auditing
a thorough prces of investiagtina nd analaysing aa system for vilnerabilities 
- e.g., pen testing
- 
can also refer to logging (esp. in a databse context)

## Firewalls
protect aginst network intrusions
- built in or third party
	- built in - integration quality of control. ofen light convenince features maybe no GUI
- black/whitelist
- mandatory access control on routers
	- mandatory access control
		- e.g., block a netork port
		- block icmp packets (some sytems are vulnerable)
- application level filtering for desktop systems
	- finer grained control for linking rules to applications themselves (processes)
	- router doesn't know about applications
	- may not trust an aplication to connect o a web server but do trust other.
	- dont have to block everything on that webserver
- provide altering and logging (avoid crying wolf)
	- "end user alert fatigue"

> northcutt and novak - network intrusion detection


## Intrustion detection systems
- often bundled with commercial routers, network storage devices (NAS, SAN) - "cloud storage within organisation"
- can also be host based (HIDS)  "situated aroud network"
- intrusion can be identified by know signatures (like pattern-based virus scanners)
- can also be anomaly-based (using heuristics)

## other intrusion detection topics
- file integrity checking
	- hash checking to detect changes
- backup and recovery

## keeping up to date with vulnerabilites
- CERT NZ
- US-CERT
- CVE at MITRE
- NVD (us NIST national vulnerabilities database)
- conferences such as DEF CON

# Sting operations
deliberately place sofware where it will interact with attacks, somewhat resembling a police sting operation.

## Honeypot
- decoy service used to attact attackers
- divert attackers from real service
- identify attack origin - analyse attack - create countermeasures
- honey-nets - co-ordiniated honeypots. - analyse malware infection behaviour (malware epidemiology)
- bogus email address lists to hinder spammers
- individual e-mail address can be used to gather and analyse spam smessages

## Tarpits
- similar to honeypots but for *slowing* attack not diverting
- often deployed as a proxy server in front of the real service