diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md index a98f99cd2..238326974 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌊Sea MOC](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [🌊Sea MOC](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md index 314b32e6f..9f7af8a2f 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md @@ -6,22 +6,22 @@ tags: - photography --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) # Reference diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md index 16ce5366a..2fb622853 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - aesthetic --- -* [Fujifilm Blue🌊, 小红书-Philips谢骏](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) -* [豊島🏝, Instagram-shiifoncake](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [Fujifilm Blue🌊, 小红书-Philips谢骏](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) +* [豊島🏝, Instagram-shiifoncake](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md index adefb235a..57b35fb78 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md @@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ tags: - landscape - aesthetic --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) # Reference diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md index 7566691e5..b615d82f0 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🖼How to show Polaroid photo in a great way](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [🖼How to show Polaroid photo in a great way](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md index f314724da..ca0b7f0cf 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md @@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ tags: -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5330.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5330.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5334.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5334.jpg) Credits to [比扫描仪更easy的宝丽来翻拍解决方案 -BonBon的Pan](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b/6331af53000000001701acfd) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md index b19b53e00..d9e50196d 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md @@ -9,45 +9,45 @@ tags: Credits to [Marta Bevacqua](https://www.martabevacquaphotography.com/), Thanks🌸 -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/16.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/16.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/17.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/17.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/18.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/18.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/19.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/19.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/21.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/21.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/22.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/22.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(2).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(2).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(3).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(3).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(4).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(4).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(5).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(5).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(6).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(6).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(7).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(7).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(8).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(8).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(9).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(9).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(11).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(11).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(12).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(12).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content.jpg) diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md index 2ac7f3e6a..0bace248c 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md @@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ Thanks Also, I see this in [摄影灵感｜那有一点可爱 - by 小八怪](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/explore/63f0a27e0000000013002b05) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_4_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_4_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_5_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_5_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_6_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_6_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_7_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_7_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_8_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_8_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_9_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_9_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_1_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_1_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_3_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_3_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2023-03-27_23-55-45.jpg) \ No newline at end of file +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2023-03-27_23-55-45.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md index b9b1a49c9..8a11d8882 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌸Flower & Girl](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md) -* [👧🇰🇷Cute Portrait from Korean MV ](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From%20Korean%20MV%20Todays_Mod.md) +* [🌸Flower & Girl](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md) +* [👧🇰🇷Cute Portrait from Korean MV ](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From%20Korean%20MV%20Todays_Mod.md) diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md index 78cc39d6a..b2b0753ce 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ tags: - share --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_326914596_601425291912114_4038822895364546166_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_326914596_601425291912114_4038822895364546166_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_341207739_637183131584785_7839745357939483631_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_341207739_637183131584785_7839745357939483631_n.jpg) # Reference diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md index 7135416fe..83e6d1e87 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌅Warmth - Nguan](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md) -* [📗 Grainy Green](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md) +* [🌅Warmth - Nguan](photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md) +* [📗 Grainy Green](photography/aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md) diff --git a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md index c2350f073..149c95a39 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md +++ b/content/Photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md @@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ tags: Credits to [Nguan](https://www.instagram.com/_nguan_/) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/167396766_118928406833773_7462235788758622009_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/167396766_118928406833773_7462235788758622009_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/275801921_507726407459443_2779968335661218284_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275801921_507726407459443_2779968335661218284_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/275101252_116346090976633_4116581661408205933_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275101252_116346090976633_4116581661408205933_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/153386473_426909131936316_8535520818773302544_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/153386473_426909131936316_8535520818773302544_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/156216827_337435770999537_8250898900544979316_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/156216827_337435770999537_8250898900544979316_n.jpg) diff --git a/content/Photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md b/content/Photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md index fc8896a0a..ae6f1a470 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md +++ b/content/Photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ tags: # What is MTF Curve -调制传递函数 (MTF) 曲线是一种信息密集型指标(information-dense metric)，反映了镜头如何*将对比度再现为空间频率（分辨率）的函数*。MTF Curve在一组设定好的基础参数下，提供一个composite view，关于光学像差([**optical aberrations**](physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md))如何影响镜头性能。 +调制传递函数 (MTF) 曲线是一种信息密集型指标(information-dense metric)，反映了镜头如何*将对比度再现为空间频率（分辨率）的函数*。MTF Curve在一组设定好的基础参数下，提供一个composite view，关于光学像差([**optical aberrations**](physics/optical/optical_abberation.md))如何影响镜头性能。 通过MTF图，我们可以知道 @@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ tags: 大家应该知道，一个镜头的中心比边缘成像能力要好很多，因此只测试镜头的中心或边缘，是不能代表镜头的好坏的，所以厂家会从中心到边缘，选取多个点进行测试。如下图，尼康的全画幅机器，选取了距离中心5毫米，10mm，15mm，20mm的点测试。如果是APS-C画幅，因为感光元件小，会选取3mm，6mm，9mm，12mm等，不同厂家可能不一样。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143258.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143258.png) 测试方法一般使用白色背景、黑色直线 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143425.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143425.png) * **粗线**用来测试**对比度**，粗度为 10 lines/mm * **细线**用来测试**分辨率**，粗度为 30 lines/mm @@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ tags: 下图的成像质量是越来越差： -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143543.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143543.png) # How to read MTF curve -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143711.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143711.png) 横坐标代表了到镜头中心的距离，纵坐标代表了对比度和分辨率的值。 @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ tags: 蓝线是通过**细线**测试得到的，代表**分辨率**。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143940.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143940.png) 普通的镜头的曲线应该是下面这样的(红线代表对比度，蓝线代表分辨率)，在中心点，镜头的对比度和分辨率最好，越往边缘越差。 @@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ tags: 有波浪就代表有像场弯曲，越大就越严重，实际情况一般问题不大。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144046.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144046.png) 最常见的MTF曲线如图： -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144112.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144112.png) 1. 红线，10lines/mm，也就是上面测试时说的粗线，用来测对比度的，从镜头中心到边缘，数值逐渐降低，表明镜头的对比度从镜头到边缘，逐渐降低。 2. 分辨率，从中心到边缘逐渐降低 diff --git a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md index 3fe6b0e03..33cf02078 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md +++ b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ tags: # Rollei -* [Rollei35](photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [Rollei35](photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md index 24225cca6..32111df7c 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md +++ b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: # Polaroid Background -![](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195031.png) +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195031.png) Polaroid是一家成立于1937年的美国相机及照片制造公司，该公司曾经是即时相机市场的领导者。Polaroid公司在20世纪50年代推出了第一台即时相机，并在随后的几十年里不断推出各种型号的即时相机和胶片，成为了全球广泛使用的品牌。 @@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ Polaroid最著名的特点之一是它的“即时影像”技术，这种技术 # Polaroid Camera Review -* [Polaroid one600](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md) -* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md) +* [Polaroid one600](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md) +* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md) diff --git a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md index 21a0c4c11..165ad1261 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md +++ b/content/Photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: --- -![](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195707.png) +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195707.png) # Specifications diff --git a/content/Photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md b/content/Photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md deleted file mode 100644 index 473b43f0b..000000000 --- a/content/Photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,45 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: idea - reference image -tags: -- photography -- moodboard -- idea ---- - -# [Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) - -# [豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) - - -# [寄り道の理由。- Instagram, photono_gen](https://www.instagram.com/p/CrVPFjZvvlr/) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md b/content/Photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md deleted file mode 100644 index 8d404ba6c..000000000 --- a/content/Photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Photography Meme -tags: - - photography - - meme - - film - - happy ---- - -![](photography/Photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md b/content/Photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md index d5138a151..55347be05 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md +++ b/content/Photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - skill --- -* [宝丽来翻拍9宫格](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [宝丽来翻拍9宫格](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md b/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md index 269b49feb..a823e2a8d 100644 --- a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md +++ b/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ $$ * $X_L$ = inductive reactance * $X_C$ = capacitive reactance -![](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330163734.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330163734.png) **阻抗**是电路中电阻、电感、电容对交流电的阻碍作用的统称。阻抗是一个复数，实部称为**电阻**，虚部称为**电抗**；其中电容在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**容抗**，电感在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**感抗**，容抗和感抗合称为**电抗**。 diff --git a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md b/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md deleted file mode 100644 index a450f365c..000000000 --- a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,19 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Electromagnetism MOC -tags: -- physics -- MOC -- electromagnetism ---- - -# Basic - -* [Electric units](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md) - -## Advanced - -* [Maxwell's equation](physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md) - -# Circuit - -* [Resonant circuit](physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md b/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md deleted file mode 100644 index b51950464..000000000 --- a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,62 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Q factor -tags: -- physics -- electric -- electromagnetism -- basic ---- - -# Explanation - -In physics and engineering, the quality factor or Q factor is a **dimensionless** parameter that describes how **underdamped** an oscillator or *resonator* is. It is defined as the ratio of the initial energy stored in the resonator to the *energy lost* in one radian of the cycle of oscillation. Q factor is alternatively defined as the ratio of a *resonator's center frequency to its bandwidth* when subject to an oscillating driving force. These two definitions give *numerically similar*, but not identical, results. - -> [!tip] -> 高Q因子表示振子能量损失的速率较慢，振动可持续较长的时间; 单摆在空气中Q因子较高而在油中较低 - - - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404144801.png)Fig. A damped oscillation. A low Q factor – about 5 here – means the oscillation dies out rapidly. - - -Q因子较高的振子在共振时，在共振频率附近的**振幅较大**，但会产生的共振的**频率范围比较小**，此频率范围可以称为频宽。 - -例如一台无线电接收器内的调谐电路Q因子较高，要调整接收器对准一特定频率会比较困难，但其选择性较好，在过滤频谱上邻近电台的讯号上也有较佳的效果。 - -系统的Q因子可能会随著应用场合及需求的不同而有大幅的差异。*强调阻尼特性的系统*（例如[防止门突然关闭的阻尼器](warehouse/dampers_keeping_a_door_from_slamming%20shut.md)）*其Q因子为1⁄2*，而时钟、雷射或是其他需要强烈共振或是要求频率稳定性的系统其Q因子也较高。音叉的Q因子大约为1000，原子钟、加速器中的超导射频或是光学共振腔的Q因子可以到$10^{11}$ - -> [!help] -> There are many *alternative quantities* used by physicists and engineers to describe how damped an oscillator is. Important examples include: the [damping ratio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damping_ratio "Damping ratio"), [relative bandwidth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing) "Bandwidth (signal processing)"), [linewidth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillator_linewidth "Oscillator linewidth") and bandwidth measured in [octaves](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave_(electronics) "Octave (electronics)"). - - -# Definition - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404151254.png) - -Fig. 一阻尼谐振子的频宽, $\Delta f$可以用频率和能量的图来表示。阻尼谐振子（或滤波器）的Q因子为$f_{0}/\Delta f$。Q因子越大，其波峰高度会越高，而其宽度会越窄 - -In the context of resonators, there are two common definitions for Q, which aren't exactly equivalent. They become approximately equivalent *as Q becomes larger*, meaning the resonator becomes less damped. - -## Bandwidth definition - -$$Q\stackrel{def}{=}\frac{f_r}{\Delta f}=\frac{\omega_r}{\Delta \omega}$$ - -$f_r$为共振频率，$\Delta f$为频宽，一般是 [full width at half maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_width_at_half_maximum "Full width at half maximum") (FWHM) - -## Stored energy definition - -Q因子可定义为在一系统的共振频率下，当信号振幅不随时间变化时，**系统储存能量和每个周期外界所提供能量的比例**（此时系统储存能量也不随时间变化） - -$$Q = 2\pi \times \frac{\text{Energy Stored}}{\text{Energy dissipated per cycle}}=2\pi f_r \times \frac{\text{Energy Stored}}{\text{Power Loss}}$$ - -同时在像电感等储能元件的规格中，会用到和频率有关的Q因子，其定义如下 - -$$Q(\omega) = \omega \times \frac{\text{Maximum Energy Stored}}{\text{Power Loss}}$$ - -其中$\omega$是计算储存能量和功率损失时的角频率 - - -# Reference - -* [Q factor in wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_factor) -* [品质因子](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90#:~:text=%E5%93%81%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90%E6%88%96Q%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90,%E6%91%86Q%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90%E8%BE%83%E4%BD%8E%E3%80%82) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md b/content/Physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md index 918a92783..f83d1b12e 100644 --- a/content/Physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md +++ b/content/Physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ tags: 要解释像差如何使图像模糊，首先要解释一下：什么是混淆圈？ 当来自目标的光点到达镜头，然后会聚在传感器上时，它会很清晰。 否则，如果它在传感器之前或之后会聚，则传感器上的光分布会更广。 这可以在图 1 中看到，其中可以看到点光源会聚在传感器上，但随着传感器位置的变化，沿传感器散布的光量也会发生变化。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif) 光线越分散，图像的焦点就越少。 除非光圈很小，否则图像中彼此距离较大的目标通常会使背景或前景失焦。 这是因为会聚在前景中的光与来自背景中较远目标的光会聚在不同的点。 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tags: 彗形像差，又称彗星像差，此种像差的分布形状以类似于彗星的拖尾而得名。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424110844.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424110844.png) 这是一些透镜固有的或是光学设计造成的缺点，导致离开光轴的点光源，例如恒星，产生变形。特别是，彗形像差被定义为偏离入射光孔的放大变异。在折射或衍射的光学系统，特别是在宽光谱范围的影像中，彗形像差是波长的函数。 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ tags: 这可以在图 3 中看到，其中两个焦点由红色水平面和蓝色垂直面表示。 图像中的最佳清晰度点将在这两个点之间，其中任一平面的混淆圈都不太宽。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424111226.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424111226.png) 当光学器件未对准时，散光会导致图像的侧面和边缘失真。 它通常被描述为在查看图像中的线条时缺乏清晰度。 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ tags: 场曲是图像平面由于多个焦点而变得不平坦的结果。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424112159.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424112159.png) 相机镜头已在很大程度上纠正了这一点，但在许多镜头上可能会发现一些场曲。 一些传感器制造商实际上正在研究可以校正弯曲焦点区域的弯曲传感器。 这种设计将允许传感器校正像差，而不需要以这种精度生产昂贵的镜头设计。 通过实施这种类型的传感器，可以使用更便宜的镜头来产生高质量的结果。 这方面的真实例子可以在开普勒太空天文台看到，那里使用弯曲的传感器阵列来校正望远镜的大型球面光学元件。 @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ tags: 具有桶形失真的图像的边缘和侧面远离中心弯曲。 这在视觉上看起来像是图像中有一个凸起，因为它捕获了弯曲视场 (FoV, field of view) 的外观。 例如，当在高层建筑的高处使用较低焦距的镜头（也称为广角镜头）时，可以捕捉到更宽的 FoV。 如图 5 所示，使用产生非常扭曲和宽 FoV 的鱼眼镜头时，这种情况最为夸张。在此图像中，网格线用于帮助说明失真效果如何在靠近侧面的地方向外产生更拉伸的图像， 边缘。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113453.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113453.png) ### Pincushion distortion （枕型畸变） @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ tags: 这种形式的像差最常见于焦距较长的远摄镜头。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113838.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113838.png) ### Mustache distortion @@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ tags: 光的颜色代表特定波长的光。 由于折射，彩色图像将有多个波长进入镜头并聚焦在不同的点。 纵向或轴向色差是由不同波长聚焦在沿光轴的不同点引起的。 波长越短，其焦点将离镜头越近，而波长越远，则反之，离镜头越远，如图 8 所示。通过引入较小的孔径，进入的光仍可能聚焦在不同的位置 点，但“混淆圈”的宽度（直径）会小得多，导致不那么剧烈的模糊。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif) ### Transverse / lateral aberration 导致不同波长沿图像平面分布的离轴光是横向或横向色差。 这会导致图像中主体边缘出现彩色边纹。 这比纵向色差更难校正。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_9_Chromatic_aberration_lateral.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_9_Chromatic_aberration_lateral.gif) 它可以使用引入不同折射率的消色差双合透镜来固定。 通过将可见光谱的两端置于一个焦点上，可以消除色边。 对于横向和纵向色差，减小光圈的大小也有帮助。 此外，在高对比度环境（即具有非常亮的背景的图像）中不成像目标可能是有益的。 在显微镜中，镜头可能使用复消色差透镜 (APO) 而不是消色差透镜，消色差透镜使用三个透镜元件来校正入射光的所有波长。 当颜色最重要时，确保减轻色差将产生最佳效果。 diff --git a/content/Physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md b/content/Physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md deleted file mode 100644 index 02a8a186c..000000000 --- a/content/Physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,47 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Doppler Effect -tags: -- physics -- basic -- wave ---- - -多普勒效应（**Doppler effect**）是波源和观察者有相对运动时，观察者接受到波的频率与波源发出的频率并不相同的现象。 - -远方急驶过来的火车鸣笛声变得尖细（即频率变高，波长变短），而离我们而去的火车鸣笛声变得低沉（即频率变低，波长变长），就是多普勒效应的现象，同样现象也发生在汽车鸣响与火车的敲钟声。 - -# General - -在classical physics中，source的speed和receiver的speed远小于wave在medium中的移动速度，observed frequency $f$和emitted frequency$f_0$关系： - -$$ -f = (\frac{c \pm v_r}{c \pm v_s})f_0 -$$ -* $c$是wave在介质中的速度 -* $v_r$是receiver相对于介质的速度，如果receiver向source移动，则分子为加号，反之为减号 -* $v_s$是source相对于介质的速度，如果source远离receiver，则分母为加号，反之为减号 - -> [!note] -> 请注意，此关系预测如果源或接收器中的任何一个远离另一个，频率将会降低。 - -$$ -\frac{f}{v_{wr}} = \frac{f_0}{v_{ws}} = \frac{1}{\lambda} -$$ -* $v_{\omega r}$是wave speed相对于receiver -* $v_{\omega s}$是wave speed相对于source -* $\lambda$是波长 - -## Example - -![](physics/Wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif) - -其中$v_s = 0.7c$，波前开始在源的右侧（前面）聚集，并在源的左侧（后面）进一步分开。 - -在前面的receiver会听到higher frequency，也就是$f = \frac{c}{c-0.7c}f_0 = 3.33f_0$；后面的receiver会听到lower frequency，也就是$f = \frac{c}{c + 0.7c}f_0 = 0.59f_0$ - - - - -# Reference - -* [多普勒效应 - Wiki](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/assets/pdf/NUS_Transcript.pdf b/content/assets/pdf/NUS_Transcript.pdf new file mode 100644 index 000000000..62567f29b Binary files /dev/null and b/content/assets/pdf/NUS_Transcript.pdf differ diff --git a/content/assets/pdf/NUS_Transcript.pdf.md b/content/assets/pdf/NUS_Transcript.pdf.md deleted file mode 100644 index e69de29bb..000000000 diff --git a/content/atlas.md b/content/atlas.md index fbc55a03e..fd3e41914 100644 --- a/content/atlas.md +++ b/content/atlas.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ tags: * [Data Structure and Algorithm MOC](computer_sci/data_structure_and_algorithm/MOC.md) -* [Hardware](computer_sci/Hardware/Hardware_MOC.md) +* [Hardware](computer_sci/hardware/hardware_MOC.md) -* [Physics](physics/Physics_MOC.md) +* [Physics](physics/physics_MOC.md) * [Signal Processing](signal_processing/signal_processing_MOC.md) @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ tags: 🛶 Also, he learn some knowledge about his hobbies: -* [📷 Photography](photography/Photography_MOC.md) +* [📷 Photography](photography/photography_MOC.md) * [📮文学](文学/文学_MOC.md) diff --git a/content/computer_sci/Hardware/MCU/Different programming interfaces.md b/content/computer_sci/hardware/MCU/different_programming_interfaces.md similarity index 98% rename from content/computer_sci/Hardware/MCU/Different programming interfaces.md rename to content/computer_sci/hardware/MCU/different_programming_interfaces.md index 0d3573082..b2f4c8058 100644 --- a/content/computer_sci/Hardware/MCU/Different programming interfaces.md +++ b/content/computer_sci/hardware/MCU/different_programming_interfaces.md @@ -1,3 +1,8 @@ +--- +title: Different Programming Interfaces +tags: + - hardware +--- # What is programming interfaces in MCU A **programming interface** is a device that allows a programmer to connect to a microcontroller (MCU) and program it. The programming interface is used to load the program into the MCU’s memory and debug it. diff --git a/content/computer_sci/Hardware/Hardware_MOC.md b/content/computer_sci/hardware/hardware_MOC.md similarity index 51% rename from content/computer_sci/Hardware/Hardware_MOC.md rename to content/computer_sci/hardware/hardware_MOC.md index 6acd3e421..78530194b 100644 --- a/content/computer_sci/Hardware/Hardware_MOC.md +++ b/content/computer_sci/hardware/hardware_MOC.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ tags: ## Basic concepts -* [Different programming interfaces](computer_sci/Hardware/MCU/Different%20programming%20interfaces.md) +* [different_programming_interfaces](computer_sci/hardware/MCU/different_programming_interfaces.md) diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md index a98f99cd2..238326974 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌊Sea MOC](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [🌊Sea MOC](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md index 314b32e6f..9f7af8a2f 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md @@ -6,22 +6,22 @@ tags: - photography --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) # Reference diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md index 16ce5366a..2fb622853 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - aesthetic --- -* [Fujifilm Blue🌊, 小红书-Philips谢骏](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) -* [豊島🏝, Instagram-shiifoncake](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [Fujifilm Blue🌊, 小红书-Philips谢骏](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) +* [豊島🏝, Instagram-shiifoncake](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md index adefb235a..57b35fb78 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md @@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ tags: - landscape - aesthetic --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) # Reference diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md index 7566691e5..b615d82f0 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🖼How to show Polaroid photo in a great way](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [🖼How to show Polaroid photo in a great way](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md index f314724da..ca0b7f0cf 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md @@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ tags: -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5330.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5330.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5334.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5334.jpg) Credits to [比扫描仪更easy的宝丽来翻拍解决方案 -BonBon的Pan](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b/6331af53000000001701acfd) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md index b19b53e00..d9e50196d 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md @@ -9,45 +9,45 @@ tags: Credits to [Marta Bevacqua](https://www.martabevacquaphotography.com/), Thanks🌸 -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/16.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/16.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/17.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/17.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/18.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/18.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/19.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/19.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/21.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/21.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/22.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/22.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(1).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(1).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(2).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(2).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(3).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(3).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(4).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(4).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(5).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(5).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(6).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(6).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(7).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(7).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(8).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(8).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(9).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(9).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(11).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(11).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(12).jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(12).jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content.jpg) diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md index 2ac7f3e6a..0bace248c 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md @@ -14,22 +14,22 @@ Thanks Also, I see this in [摄影灵感｜那有一点可爱 - by 小八怪](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/explore/63f0a27e0000000013002b05) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_4_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_4_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_5_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_5_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_6_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_6_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_7_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_7_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_8_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_8_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_9_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_9_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_1_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_1_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_3_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_3_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2023-03-27_23-55-45.jpg) \ No newline at end of file +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2023-03-27_23-55-45.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md index b9b1a49c9..8a11d8882 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌸Flower & Girl](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md) -* [👧🇰🇷Cute Portrait from Korean MV ](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/From%20Korean%20MV%20Todays_Mod.md) +* [🌸Flower & Girl](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md) +* [👧🇰🇷Cute Portrait from Korean MV ](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From%20Korean%20MV%20Todays_Mod.md) diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md index 78cc39d6a..b2b0753ce 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ tags: - share --- -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_326914596_601425291912114_4038822895364546166_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_326914596_601425291912114_4038822895364546166_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_341207739_637183131584785_7839745357939483631_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/cinematicshine_341207739_637183131584785_7839745357939483631_n.jpg) # Reference diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md index 7135416fe..83e6d1e87 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ tags: - MOC --- -* [🌅Warmth - Nguan](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md) -* [📗 Grainy Green](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md) +* [🌅Warmth - Nguan](photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md) +* [📗 Grainy Green](photography/aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md) diff --git a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md index c2350f073..149c95a39 100644 --- a/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md +++ b/content/photography/Aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md @@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ tags: Credits to [Nguan](https://www.instagram.com/_nguan_/) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/167396766_118928406833773_7462235788758622009_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/167396766_118928406833773_7462235788758622009_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/275801921_507726407459443_2779968335661218284_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275801921_507726407459443_2779968335661218284_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/275101252_116346090976633_4116581661408205933_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275101252_116346090976633_4116581661408205933_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/153386473_426909131936316_8535520818773302544_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/153386473_426909131936316_8535520818773302544_n.jpg) -![](photography/Aesthetic/Style/attachments/156216827_337435770999537_8250898900544979316_n.jpg) +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/156216827_337435770999537_8250898900544979316_n.jpg) diff --git a/content/photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md b/content/photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md index fc8896a0a..ae6f1a470 100644 --- a/content/photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md +++ b/content/photography/Basic/MTF_Curve.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ tags: # What is MTF Curve -调制传递函数 (MTF) 曲线是一种信息密集型指标(information-dense metric)，反映了镜头如何*将对比度再现为空间频率（分辨率）的函数*。MTF Curve在一组设定好的基础参数下，提供一个composite view，关于光学像差([**optical aberrations**](physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md))如何影响镜头性能。 +调制传递函数 (MTF) 曲线是一种信息密集型指标(information-dense metric)，反映了镜头如何*将对比度再现为空间频率（分辨率）的函数*。MTF Curve在一组设定好的基础参数下，提供一个composite view，关于光学像差([**optical aberrations**](physics/optical/optical_abberation.md))如何影响镜头性能。 通过MTF图，我们可以知道 @@ -41,11 +41,11 @@ tags: 大家应该知道，一个镜头的中心比边缘成像能力要好很多，因此只测试镜头的中心或边缘，是不能代表镜头的好坏的，所以厂家会从中心到边缘，选取多个点进行测试。如下图，尼康的全画幅机器，选取了距离中心5毫米，10mm，15mm，20mm的点测试。如果是APS-C画幅，因为感光元件小，会选取3mm，6mm，9mm，12mm等，不同厂家可能不一样。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143258.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143258.png) 测试方法一般使用白色背景、黑色直线 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143425.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143425.png) * **粗线**用来测试**对比度**，粗度为 10 lines/mm * **细线**用来测试**分辨率**，粗度为 30 lines/mm @@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ tags: 下图的成像质量是越来越差： -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143543.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143543.png) # How to read MTF curve -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143711.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143711.png) 横坐标代表了到镜头中心的距离，纵坐标代表了对比度和分辨率的值。 @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ tags: 蓝线是通过**细线**测试得到的，代表**分辨率**。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143940.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143940.png) 普通的镜头的曲线应该是下面这样的(红线代表对比度，蓝线代表分辨率)，在中心点，镜头的对比度和分辨率最好，越往边缘越差。 @@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ tags: 有波浪就代表有像场弯曲，越大就越严重，实际情况一般问题不大。 -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144046.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144046.png) 最常见的MTF曲线如图： -![](photography/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144112.png) +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144112.png) 1. 红线，10lines/mm，也就是上面测试时说的粗线，用来测对比度的，从镜头中心到边缘，数值逐渐降低，表明镜头的对比度从镜头到边缘，逐渐降低。 2. 分辨率，从中心到边缘逐渐降低 diff --git a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md index 3fe6b0e03..33cf02078 100644 --- a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ tags: # Rollei -* [Rollei35](photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [Rollei35](photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md index 24225cca6..32111df7c 100644 --- a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md +++ b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ tags: # Polaroid Background -![](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195031.png) +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195031.png) Polaroid是一家成立于1937年的美国相机及照片制造公司，该公司曾经是即时相机市场的领导者。Polaroid公司在20世纪50年代推出了第一台即时相机，并在随后的几十年里不断推出各种型号的即时相机和胶片，成为了全球广泛使用的品牌。 @@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ Polaroid最著名的特点之一是它的“即时影像”技术，这种技术 # Polaroid Camera Review -* [Polaroid one600](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md) -* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md) +* [Polaroid one600](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md) +* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md) diff --git a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md index 21a0c4c11..165ad1261 100644 --- a/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md +++ b/content/photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: --- -![](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195707.png) +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195707.png) # Specifications diff --git a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md b/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md deleted file mode 100644 index e04f967be..000000000 --- a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: 🌊Sea - 2023.04.28 -tags: -- moodboard -- photography -- landscape ---- - - -* [idea - reference image](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md) diff --git a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg b/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg deleted file mode 100644 index 7c492be05..000000000 Binary files a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg and /dev/null differ diff --git a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md b/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md deleted file mode 100644 index 473b43f0b..000000000 --- a/content/photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/idea.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,45 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: idea - reference image -tags: -- photography -- moodboard -- idea ---- - -# [Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) - - -![](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) - -# [豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) - - -# [寄り道の理由。- Instagram, photono_gen](https://www.instagram.com/p/CrVPFjZvvlr/) - -![](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Photography_MOC.md b/content/photography/Photography_MOC.md deleted file mode 100644 index 90af443ef..000000000 --- a/content/photography/Photography_MOC.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,80 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: "Photography - MOC" -tags: -- MOC -- photography ---- - -# 🌊Photo Portfolio -You can see my photography works in: - -* [🎨Slide show](https://pinkr1ver.com/PhotoGallery/) -* [🌄Photo Collection in Notion](https://pinkr1ver.notion.site/3cfdd332b9a94b20bca041f2aa2bdcd2?v=24e696e6ab754386a710bc8e83976357&pvs=4) -* [🍻Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/jude.wang.yc/?next=%2F) -* [🧶小红书](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b) - -# Notes -Also, here's my notes about learning photography - -## About Basic Concepts: - -* [Saturation](photography/Basic/Saturation.md) - -## Appreciation of other works - about ***aesthetic*** - -* [👧Portrait](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md) -* [🏔Landscape](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md) -* [☝Style](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md) -* [✨Polaroid](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md) - -## Camera Research - -* [✨Polaroid](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md) -* [📷Lens Structure](photography/Cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md) -* [📸Pocket film camera](photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md) - -## Skills I learned - -* [How to measure light using Polaroid?](photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md) -* [How to use Moodboard](photography/Skills/Moodboard.md) -* [How to show your Polaroid Picture](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) - -## Photography story - -* [夜爬蛤蟆峰拍Polaroid慢门 - 2023.04.14](photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md) - -## Mood Board - -* [🌊Sea - 2023.04.28](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md) - -## Meme - -* [Photography meme](photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md) - - -# Reference - -## Platform - -* [Magnum Photos](https://www.magnumphotos.com/) -* [CNU - Catch Next Ultimate](http://www.cnu.cc/) - -## Greatest Artist - -* [linksphotograph](https://www.linksphotograph.com/) -* [HAMADA Hideaki / 濱田英明](https://www.hideakihamada.com) -* [Jason Kummerfeldt](https://graincheck.darkroom.com/) and [his youtube](https://www.youtube.com/@grainydaysss) -* [Nguan](https://nguan.tv/) -* [Marta Bevacqua](https://www.martabevacquaphotography.com/) -* [Sam Zhang](https://www.instagram.com/itscapturedbysam/) - -## Content Collector & Photographer - -* [🦺搬运UP主 - 豆腐素包](https://space.bilibili.com/196700312/video) -* [小八怪 - 小红书](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/5558b47f5894463d532a632c) - - -# Photography Resume - - - diff --git a/content/photography/Skills/Moodboard.md b/content/photography/Skills/Moodboard.md deleted file mode 100644 index 628930e42..000000000 --- a/content/photography/Skills/Moodboard.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,54 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: How to use Moodboard -tags: -- photography -- skill ---- - -# Overview - -1. 选题 -2. 风格 -3. 色彩 -4. 服装道具 -5. 模特 -6. 场地 -7. 构图 -8. 布光 - -# 选题 - -将参考图放进灵感文件夹 - -# 风格 - -在参考图中风格提取，一般可以收集200张参考图 - -# 色彩 - -使用[Adobe Color](https://color.adobe.com/)确定色彩方案 - - -# 服装道具 - -略 - -# 模特 - -略 - -# 场地 - -略 - -# 构图 - -使用参考图和手绘 - -# 布光 - -略 - -# Reference - -* [要做出完美的拍摄策划，必须知道的8个重点 - 小红书, Tripitaka Wu](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b/62024914000000002103cedf) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md b/content/photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md deleted file mode 100644 index c22997763..000000000 --- a/content/photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,22 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: How to measure light using Polaroid? -tags: -- photography -- Polaroid -- film -- skill ---- - -The most thing you need to know is that, **the right exposure is in your head**. - -# Basic - - - -# Practice - - -# Reference - -* [How to EXPOSE your POLAROID PICTURE - Youtuber Analog Things](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqU5YRG8WiE) - diff --git a/content/photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md b/content/photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md index d5138a151..55347be05 100644 --- a/content/photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md +++ b/content/photography/Skills/howToShowPolaroid.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ tags: - skill --- -* [宝丽来翻拍9宫格](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [宝丽来翻拍9宫格](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Skills/Moodboard.md b/content/photography/Skills/moodboard.md similarity index 100% rename from content/Photography/Skills/Moodboard.md rename to content/photography/Skills/moodboard.md diff --git a/content/Photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md b/content/photography/Skills/polaroid_light.md similarity index 100% rename from content/Photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md rename to content/photography/Skills/polaroid_light.md diff --git a/content/photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md b/content/photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md deleted file mode 100644 index c6e87bd75..000000000 --- a/content/photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,80 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: 夜爬蛤蟆峰拍Polaroid慢门 - 2023.04.14 -tags: -- photography -- Polaroid -- story -- film ---- - -# Hiking - -周五，周潭来杭，计划去蛤蟆峰顶拍拍立得慢门，记录西湖夜景。 - -晚饭后，雨渐起，兴致不减，亦去。 - -山底已经在小雨中颇有丁达尔现象的感觉。 - -![](photography/Story/attachments/9970714720C0835E6547C263418D551B.jpg) - -雨让石头逐渐变得打滑，蛤蟆峰山顶的石头快的攀登会变得非常危险，这一点难以描述，或许你可以问你杭州本地的朋友。周潭在攀登最后一段路程之前摔倒，还好背包缓冲了几乎所有的冲撞，也让他意识到雨天来到这里的危险性，是具有极限运动的底色在的。 - -最后，在小心翼翼中，登顶了。 - -# Photographer - -在蛤蟆峰顶拍慢门需要一定的三脚架架设技巧和测光技巧，在雨中就显得更加困难。 - -![](photography/Story/attachments/QQ视频20230416012046.mp4) - -![](photography/Story/attachments/FCB8B96468D3B459532E010E865D0B99.jpg) - - -经过测光和宝丽来app曝光调整，这次拍摄夜景的计划以$f/22$, 30s shutter speed, i-type film 640 ISO进行拍摄，先看成片效果： - -![](photography/Story/attachments/IMG_5553.jpg) - -照片由iPhone 12 mini Polaroid app scanner扫描完成的film -> digital，效果比较一般，但我们能看出，曝光的效果不尽人意。这里的原因认为由以下原因导致： -* 天气恶劣，空气湿度大，造成光线色散加重 -* 没有考虑i-type相纸**倒易率**，曝光时间不足（重要原因🚧🚧🚧） -* 没有查询Polaroid now+镜头最好的光学素质的参数，自认为是$f/22$，导致曝光时间过长导致的点光源色散严重。（目前还没有查询到Polaroid now+镜头的光学参数曲线🚧🚧🚧） - -同时，那晚还不懂now+ +键的使用导致相纸浪费一张，下面是now+中+键的用法： - -![](photography/Story/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230416014050.png) - -同时，那晚曝光时，有一次光圈不小心打到$f/33$，导致欠曝地更为厉害，其效果大概如下： - -![](photography/Story/attachments/IMG_5550.jpg) - -同时要注意的是，Polaroid的曝光时间最多是30s，如果要更长时间的曝光，可以不弹相纸进行二次曝光，但是长曝光30s以上可能效果很差。 - -## 人像 - -搞了两张人像，同样的曝光参数$f/22$, 30s shutter speed, i-type film 640 ISO，开了宝丽来闪关灯最大等级： - -![](photography/Story/attachments/IMG_5492.jpg) - - -![](photography/Story/attachments/IMG_5493.jpg) - -第一张人像清晰些，以我个人观点来看，是因为伞造成的反射 - -# 返程 - -返程的故事有趣了些，因为三脚架落在了山脚，于是返回去取，但是去取的时候手机落在了打的网约车上。 - -因为手机丢了，所以无法确认订单的详细信息，也就无法联系司机和客服。 - -所以用周潭的手机去登录高德打车去确认订单，但是登录高德又需要手机验证码，非常傻逼的设计就是了，还好带了apple watch，连接了周潭的热点后可以同步手机消息收到验证码，这才登上了高德地图。 - -高德地图的打车是联动多家打车公司的，所以情况错综复杂，我的订单来自天猫出行，高德端不允许我直接联系师傅，同时天猫出行的客服也无法拨通，最后还好拨通了高德客服的电话，联系上了师傅。 - -师傅当时前往了滨江，所以我们只好在山脚下，也就是保俶路的忠儿面馆那里等待，刚好周潭没有吃饱，起源巧合下，在这也算吃了一顿还算杭州特色的拌川。 - -![](photography/Story/attachments/A9A6699D1859851AB1D66131BD1382DC.jpg) - - -# Route - -![](photography/Story/attachments/QQ图片20230417203443.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md b/content/photography/Story/rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md similarity index 100% rename from content/Photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md rename to content/photography/Story/rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..238326974 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +--- +title: Landscape Photography MOC +tags: +- photography +- landscape +- MOC +--- + +* [🌊Sea MOC](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f7af8a2f --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +--- +title: Sea in Fujiflm Blue +tags: +- photography +- landscape +- photography +--- + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) + +# Reference + +* [太绝了！我拍出了富士蓝！- 小红书，Philips谢骏](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b/641299a200000000130129bb) + diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2fb622853 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Sea_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +--- +title: 🌊Sea MOC +tags: + - landscape + - sea + - photography + - aesthetic +--- + +* [Fujifilm Blue🌊, 小红书-Philips谢骏](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) +* [豊島🏝, Instagram-shiifoncake](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted image 20230420014349.png b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted image 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--- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +--- +title: 豊島🏝 +tags: + - photography + - sea + - landscape + - aesthetic +--- +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) + + +# Reference + +* (https://www.instagram.com/p/Cqh4Ci8vV5u/)[https://www.instagram.com/p/Cqh4Ci8vV5u/] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b615d82f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +--- +title: Polaroid Aestheic MOC +tags: +- photography +- Polaroid +- MOC +--- + +* [🖼How to show Polaroid photo in a great way](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ca0b7f0cf --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +--- +title: How to show Polaroid photo in a great way +tags: +- photography +- Polaroid +- share +--- + + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5330.jpg) + + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg) + + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg) + + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5334.jpg) + +Credits to [比扫描仪更easy的宝丽来翻拍解决方案 -BonBon的Pan](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/user/profile/6272c025000000002102353b/6331af53000000001701acfd) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a3e3accdd Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5327.jpg differ diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg b/content/photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/attachments/IMG_5329.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66c6239ce Binary files /dev/null and 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+--- + +Credits to [Marta Bevacqua](https://www.martabevacquaphotography.com/), +Thanks🌸 + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/16.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/17.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/18.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/19.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/21.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/22.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(1).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(2).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(3).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(4).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(5).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(6).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(7).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(8).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(9).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(11).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content%20(12).jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/content.jpg) + diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0bace248c --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From Korean MV Todays_Mod.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +--- +title: Cute Portrait from Korean MV +tags: +- photography +- portrait +- korean +- cute +- 摘抄 +--- + +Credits to [MV - CHEEZE(치즈) _ Today's Mood(오늘의 기분)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRq_DlEzygk), +Thanks + +Also, I see this in [摄影灵感｜那有一点可爱 - by +小八怪](https://www.xiaohongshu.com/explore/63f0a27e0000000013002b05) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_4_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_5_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_6_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_7_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_8_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_9_2023-03-27_23-53-20.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_1_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_3_2023-03-27_23-53-20%201.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/photo_2023-03-27_23-55-45.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8a11d8882 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +--- +title: 👧Portrait +tags: +- photography +- portrait +- 摘抄 +- MOC +--- + +* [🌸Flower & Girl](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Flower_and_Girl.md) +* [👧🇰🇷Cute Portrait from Korean MV ](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/From%20Korean%20MV%20Todays_Mod.md) diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..633ee4f46 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/14.jpg differ diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg b/content/photography/aesthetic/Portrait/attachments/15.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ccb7a9eff Binary files /dev/null and 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[https://www.instagram.com/p/CrGoBoeo8NF/](https://www.instagram.com/p/CrGoBoeo8NF/) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..83e6d1e87 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +--- +title: ☝Style +tags: +- photography +- style +- share +- MOC +--- + +* [🌅Warmth - Nguan](photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md) +* [📗 Grainy Green](photography/aesthetic/Style/Grainy_Green.md) diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..149c95a39 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/Warmth_by_Nguan.md @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +--- +title: 🎈Warmth - Nguan +tags: +- share +- photography +--- + +Credits to [Nguan](https://www.instagram.com/_nguan_/) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/167396766_118928406833773_7462235788758622009_n.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275801921_507726407459443_2779968335661218284_n.jpg) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/275101252_116346090976633_4116581661408205933_n.jpg) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/153386473_426909131936316_8535520818773302544_n.jpg) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/156216827_337435770999537_8250898900544979316_n.jpg) + + diff --git a/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7ba3132a6 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/aesthetic/Style/attachments/152391470_356387755409221_8144178651765781801_n.jpg 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diff --git a/content/photography/basic/MTF_Curve.md b/content/photography/basic/MTF_Curve.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae6f1a470 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/basic/MTF_Curve.md @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +--- +title: Modulation transfer function(MTF) Curve +tags: +- photography +- basic +- lens +--- + +有很多因素影响lens performance： + +* diffraction +* optical aberrations +* design criteria and philosophy +* manufacturing tolerances and errors + +一般，可以用MTF Curve来作为一个标准来衡量lens performance + +> [!abstract] +> 本篇笔记会从摄影角度浅浅了解MTF曲线，而不从物理光学角度分析 + +# What is MTF Curve + + +调制传递函数 (MTF) 曲线是一种信息密集型指标(information-dense metric)，反映了镜头如何*将对比度再现为空间频率（分辨率）的函数*。MTF Curve在一组设定好的基础参数下，提供一个composite view，关于光学像差([**optical aberrations**](physics/optical/optical_abberation.md))如何影响镜头性能。 + +通过MTF图，我们可以知道 + +1. 分辨率, (*代表着镜头对细节的表现能力*) +2. 对比度, (*代表着镜头表现光线亮和暗的能力*) +3. 色散和横向色差 +4. 像场弯曲 + +不可以知道： + +1. 镜头畸变 +2. 径向色差 +3. 晕影 +4. 眩光 + +# How to measure MTF Curve + +大家应该知道，一个镜头的中心比边缘成像能力要好很多，因此只测试镜头的中心或边缘，是不能代表镜头的好坏的，所以厂家会从中心到边缘，选取多个点进行测试。如下图，尼康的全画幅机器，选取了距离中心5毫米，10mm，15mm，20mm的点测试。如果是APS-C画幅，因为感光元件小，会选取3mm，6mm，9mm，12mm等，不同厂家可能不一样。 + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143258.png) + +测试方法一般使用白色背景、黑色直线 + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143425.png) + +* **粗线**用来测试**对比度**，粗度为 10 lines/mm +* **细线**用来测试**分辨率**，粗度为 30 lines/mm +* 粗细各有两组，一组与半径平行，叫做Sagittal，另一组与半径垂直，叫做Meridonial，这样做主要是为了测试**色散**和**色差**的。 + +下图的成像质量是越来越差： + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143543.png) + +# How to read MTF curve + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143711.png) + +横坐标代表了到镜头中心的距离，纵坐标代表了对比度和分辨率的值。 + +最完美的镜头的曲线应该是下面这样的，一条红线一条蓝线， + +红线是通过**粗线**测试得到的，代表**对比度**； + +蓝线是通过**细线**测试得到的，代表**分辨率**。 + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424143940.png) + +普通的镜头的曲线应该是下面这样的(红线代表对比度，蓝线代表分辨率)，在中心点，镜头的对比度和分辨率最好，越往边缘越差。 + +一般来讲，值大于0.9就代表镜头非常优秀，0.7-0.9是优秀，0.5-0.7就是普通，低于0.5就算差了。 + +注意到线的中级部位有呈波浪状，这表明了镜头的另一个参数素质：像场弯曲(curvature of field)\ + +有波浪就代表有像场弯曲，越大就越严重，实际情况一般问题不大。 + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144046.png) + +最常见的MTF曲线如图： + +![](photography/basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424144112.png) + +1. 红线，10lines/mm，也就是上面测试时说的粗线，用来测对比度的，从镜头中心到边缘，数值逐渐降低，表明镜头的对比度从镜头到边缘，逐渐降低。 +2. 分辨率，从中心到边缘逐渐降低 +3. 色散和色差 + * 测试时粗细都有两组线吗，一组与半径平行，另一组垂直，用来测试色散和色差，这样就分别得到两条线，与半径平行的一组得到实线，与半径垂直的一组得到虚线。**虚线实线越接近，代表镜头的色散和色差控制的很好，越背离，表示越严重**。 +4. 像场弯曲 + +# Reference + +* [The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), https://www.edmundoptics.com](https://www.edmundoptics.com/knowledge-center/application-notes/imaging/modulation-transfer-function-mtf-and-mtf-curves/) +* [MTF 曲线图应该怎么看？, 知乎](https://www.zhihu.com/question/19713211) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/basic/Saturation.md b/content/photography/basic/Saturation.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3b3687485 --- 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a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8e8e76e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +--- +title: Lens Structure MOC +tags: +- photography +- lens +- MOC +- review +--- + +* \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..33cf02078 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +--- +title: Pocket Film camera MOC +tags: +- photography +- review +- MOC +- camera +--- + +# Rollei + +* [Rollei35](photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..38905ce86 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Rollei_35.md @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +--- +title: Rollei 35 review +tags: +- photography +- rollei35 +- rollei +- camera +- review +--- + + diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..32111df7c --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +--- +title: Polaroid +tags: +- camera +- photography +- MOC +- polaroid +--- + +# Polaroid Background + +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195031.png) + +Polaroid是一家成立于1937年的美国相机及照片制造公司，该公司曾经是即时相机市场的领导者。Polaroid公司在20世纪50年代推出了第一台即时相机，并在随后的几十年里不断推出各种型号的即时相机和胶片，成为了全球广泛使用的品牌。 + +Polaroid最著名的特点之一是它的“即时影像”技术，这种技术可以使用户在拍摄后几秒钟内看到他们所拍摄的照片。Polaroid的即时相机成为了许多人记录重要时刻和创造独特艺术作品的选择。 + +除了即时相机，Polaroid还生产和销售其他相机、相机附件、数码相框和照片打印机等产品。此外，Polaroid还与其他品牌合作，推出了许多联名款式的相机和其他产品。 + +在Polaroid成立近90年的历史中，它的相机和胶片已经成为了文化和艺术的象征，并继续影响着人们对摄影和影像创作的认知。 + +# Polaroid Camera Review + +* [Polaroid one600](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md) +* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md) diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f0904a283 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_600.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +--- +title: Polaroid 600 +tags: +- polaroid +- camera +- review +- photography +--- + +# Reference + +* [How do I use my Vintage Polaroid 600 camera? – Retrospekt](https://retrospekt.com/blogs/ask-the-expert/how-do-i-use-my-vintage-polaroid-600-instant-camera) +* [Polaroid Integral 600 Series - Camera-wiki.org - The free camera encyclopedia](http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Polaroid_Integral_600_Series) diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..165ad1261 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid_one600.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +--- +title: # Polaroid One 600 Camera Review +tags: +- camera +- photography +- review +- polaroid +--- + + +![](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330195707.png) + +# Specifications + +- **(Wide) 100mm lens with minimum focus distance of 3 feet.** +- **Maximum Aperture F12.9 (Don't know if it can change)** +- **1/200 s to 1/3 s** +- **Fixed focus.** +- Exposure modes - **Program automatic** +- "Aerodynamic" styling (particularly when folded) with downward curve at back. +- Flash moved to right hand side of user and can be manually switched on and off. +- Hand grip on right. +- LCD frame counter. +- Self-timer. + +## Functionally similar models + +- Polaroid One (silver/grey) +- Polaroid One600 Job Pro (black/silver/yellow) (Close-focus to 18 inches!) +- Polaroid One600 Nero (all black) +- Polaroid One600 "Flowers" (white with purple and yellow flower design) +- Polaroid One600 Panna (white/black) +- Polaroid One600 "Poison Frog" (silver/grey with yellow/black pattern) +- Polaroid One600 Polala 2006 (red/silver with gold Chinese dragon) +- Polaroid One600 Pro (all silver) (Like Job Pro, close-focus to 18 inches!) +- Polaroid One600 Royksopp (grey/silver with 'Royksopp - Only This Moment' branding) +- Polaroid One600 Superheadz Special Edition Red Hat (silver/black, with 'red hat' cartoon character) +- Polaroid One600 Rossa (bright red/black) +- Polaroid One Rossa (as above) +- Polaroid One Ultra (silver/black) (Close focus to 2 feet) +- Polaroid Pop Kit (silver/black with stickers for user's customization) + +# Reference + +* [Polaroid One 600 Camera Review - by Dan Finnen](https://danfinnen.com/review/polaroid-one-600-camera-review/) +* [Polaroid One600 (Classic) - Camera-wiki.org - The free camera encyclopedia](http://camera-wiki.org/wiki/Polaroid_One600_(Classic)) diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 20230330195031.png b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 20230330195031.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..04da89d18 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 20230330195031.png differ diff --git a/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 20230330195707.png b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 20230330195707.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..320bcba0d Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/attachments/Pasted image 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+ +# [Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/Fujifilm_Blue_by_小红书_Philips谢骏.md) + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014349.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014354.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014401.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014613.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014622.png) + + +![](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230420014634.png) + +# [豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Sea/豊島_Instagram_shiifoncake.md) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338949220_771246770941652_287141902256013940_n.jpg) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n%20(1).jpg) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_339164445_155642070453847_6842139942547564019_n.jpg) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n%20(1).jpg) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338803198_1141886276488589_5464974698780309052_n.jpg) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/shiifoncake_338758486_601356648715316_3737336679741136784_n.jpg) + + +# [寄り道の理由。- Instagram, photono_gen](https://www.instagram.com/p/CrVPFjZvvlr/) + +![](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/attachments/photono_gen_336060179_2380745882102401_2427706248624984378_n.jpg) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Photography/Photography_MOC.md b/content/photography/photography_MOC.md similarity index 66% rename from content/Photography/Photography_MOC.md rename to content/photography/photography_MOC.md index 90af443ef..a1c5d11cd 100644 --- a/content/Photography/Photography_MOC.md +++ b/content/photography/photography_MOC.md @@ -18,38 +18,38 @@ Also, here's my notes about learning photography ## About Basic Concepts: -* [Saturation](photography/Basic/Saturation.md) +* [Saturation](photography/basic/Saturation.md) ## Appreciation of other works - about ***aesthetic*** -* [👧Portrait](photography/Aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md) -* [🏔Landscape](photography/Aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md) -* [☝Style](photography/Aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md) -* [✨Polaroid](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md) +* [👧Portrait](photography/aesthetic/Portrait/Portrait_MOC.md) +* [🏔Landscape](photography/aesthetic/Landscape/Landscape_MOC.md) +* [☝Style](photography/aesthetic/Style/Style_MOC.md) +* [✨Polaroid](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_aesthetic_MOC.md) ## Camera Research -* [✨Polaroid](photography/Cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md) -* [📷Lens Structure](photography/Cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md) -* [📸Pocket film camera](photography/Cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md) +* [✨Polaroid](photography/cameras_Research/Polaroid/Polaroid.md) +* [📷Lens Structure](photography/cameras_Research/Lens_Structure/Lens_Structure_MOC.md) +* [📸Pocket film camera](photography/cameras_Research/Pocket_film/Pocket_film_camera_MOC.md) ## Skills I learned -* [How to measure light using Polaroid?](photography/Skills/Polaroid_light.md) -* [How to use Moodboard](photography/Skills/Moodboard.md) -* [How to show your Polaroid Picture](photography/Aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) +* [How to measure light using Polaroid?](photography/Skills/polaroid_light.md) +* [How to use Moodboard](photography/Skills/moodboard.md) +* [How to show your Polaroid Picture](photography/aesthetic/Polaroid/Polaroid_showcase.md) ## Photography story -* [夜爬蛤蟆峰拍Polaroid慢门 - 2023.04.14](photography/Story/Rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md) +* [夜爬蛤蟆峰拍Polaroid慢门 - 2023.04.14](photography/Story/rainy_evening_hiking_Polaroid.md) ## Mood Board -* [🌊Sea - 2023.04.28](photography/MoodBoard/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md) +* [🌊Sea - 2023.04.28](photography/mood_board/Sea_20230428/Sea_20230428.md) ## Meme -* [Photography meme](photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md) +* [Photography meme](photography/photography_meme/photography_meme.md) # Reference diff --git a/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png b/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c6e0ca8b Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png differ diff --git a/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/T66RNLJN[]R@2F5G]9%25ZY.png b/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/T66RNLJN[]R@2F5G]9%25ZY.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c6e0ca8b Binary files /dev/null and b/content/photography/photography_meme/attachments/T66RNLJN[]R@2F5G]9%25ZY.png differ diff --git a/content/photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md b/content/photography/photography_meme/photography_meme.md similarity index 57% rename from content/photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md rename to content/photography/photography_meme/photography_meme.md index 8d404ba6c..1983a3c51 100644 --- a/content/photography/Photography_meme/Photography_meme.md +++ b/content/photography/photography_meme/photography_meme.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ tags: - happy --- -![](photography/Photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png) \ No newline at end of file +![](photography/photography_meme/attachments/QQ图片20230424193512.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md b/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md index 269b49feb..a823e2a8d 100644 --- a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md +++ b/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ $$ * $X_L$ = inductive reactance * $X_C$ = capacitive reactance -![](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330163734.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330163734.png) **阻抗**是电路中电阻、电感、电容对交流电的阻碍作用的统称。阻抗是一个复数，实部称为**电阻**，虚部称为**电抗**；其中电容在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**容抗**，电感在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**感抗**，容抗和感抗合称为**电抗**。 diff --git a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md b/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md deleted file mode 100644 index a450f365c..000000000 --- a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,19 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Electromagnetism MOC -tags: -- physics -- MOC -- electromagnetism ---- - -# Basic - -* [Electric units](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md) - -## Advanced - -* [Maxwell's equation](physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md) - -# Circuit - -* [Resonant circuit](physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md b/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md deleted file mode 100644 index a5644f725..000000000 --- a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Maxwell's Equation -tags: -- physics -- electromagnetism -- nuclear-level-knowledge ---- - -# Equation - - -$$ -\nabla \cdot E = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0} -$$ - -$$ -\nabla \cdot B = 0 -$$ - -$$ -\nabla \times E = -\frac{\partial B}{\partial t} -$$ - -$$ -\nabla \times B = \mu_0 (J + \epsilon_0 \frac{\partial E}{\partial t}) -$$ - -# Vector field - -Essentially a vector field is what you get if you associate each point in space with a vector, some magnitude and direction. Maybe those vectors represent the velocities of particles of fluid at each point in space or maybe they represent the force of gravity at many different points in space or maybe a magnetic field strength. - -> [!note] -> If you were to draw the vectors to scale, the longer ones end up just cluttering the whole thing, so it's common to basically lie a little and artificially shorten ones that are too long. Maybe using **color to give some vague sense of length**. - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411151612.png) - -## Divergence - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif) - -Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed是来衡量在(x, y)点你产生fluid的能力 - -所以上述图中，产生fluid的source点，他们的Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed是positive的 - -那些fluid流入的sink端，他们的Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed就是negative的 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411155711.png) - -同时，如果点可以slow flow in变fast slow out，这个点位的divergence $\cdot$ vector filed也是positive的 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/my-life%201.gif) - -Vector field input point得到的是一个多维的输出，指向一个方向并带有scale；divergence $\cdot$ vector field，它的输出depends on the behavior of the field in small neighborhood around that point。输出为一个数值，衡量这个point acts as a source or a sink - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411161346.png) - -> [!note] -> For actual fluid flow: $\text{div} F = 0$ everywhere - -## Curl - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/output%202.gif) - -Curl是衡量fluid在point被rotate的程度，clockwise方向是positive curl，counterclockwise是negative curl。 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/curl.gif) - -上图中这个点的curl也是非零的，因为fluid上快下慢，result in clockwise influence - -## Calculate divergence and curl - -$$ -\text{div} F = \nabla \cdot F = -\begin{bmatrix} -\frac{\partial}{\partial x} \\ -\frac{\partial}{\partial y} -\end{bmatrix} \cdot -\begin{bmatrix} -F_x \\ -F_y -\end{bmatrix} = \frac{\partial F_x}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial F_y}{\partial y} -$$ - -$$ -\text{curl} F = \nabla \times F = -\begin{bmatrix} -\frac{\partial}{\partial x} \\ -\frac{\partial}{\partial y} -\end{bmatrix} \times -\begin{bmatrix} -F_x \\ -F_y -\end{bmatrix} -= \frac{\partial F_y}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial F_x}{\partial y} -$$ - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/calculation_result.gif) - -### Detail Explanation - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144351.png) - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144501.png) - -在$(x_0, y_0)$微分一个很小的tiny step，会有一个新的vector，它与原有的vector会有一个difference。 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/div.gif) - -$\text{div} F(x_0, y_0)$其实就是corresponds to $360^\circ$方向的average的Step $\cdot$ Difference - -可以想象一个source端，它朝四面发射vector，它的Step $\cdot$ Difference自然就是positive的 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412145732.png) - -同理，不难想象的是，$\text{curl} F(x_0, y_0)$是corresponds to Step $\times$ Difference - -# Understand Maxwell's Equation - -学会vector filed中的divergence和curl，是理解Maxwell’s Equation的关键 - -## Gauss's Law - -$$ -\text{div} E = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0} -$$ - - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411163735.png) - -* $\rho$是charge density -* $\epsilon_0$是Epsilon Naught，free space的介电常数，它决定free space空间中电场的强度 - -> [!note] -> 形象的 -> -> Gauss's law stating that **divergence of an electric field at a given point is a proportional to the charge density at that point**. -> -> **Positively charged regions as acting like sources** of some imagined fluid and n**egatively charged regions as being the sinks** of that fluid. -> -> Parts of space where there is on charge the fluid **would be flowing incompressively** just like water. - - -## Gauss's law for magnetism - -$$ -\text{div} B = 0 -$$ - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411165048.png) - -磁场的divergence在任意地方为0，说明磁场的fluid是incompressible的，没有source也没有sinks，就像water一样。也有这样的interpretation，说明magnetic monopoles是不存在的 - -## Maxwell–Faraday equation (Faraday's law of induction) - -$$ -\nabla \times E = - \frac{1}{c} \frac{\partial B}{\partial t} -$$ - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141438.png) - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141637.png) -## Ampère's circuital law (with Maxwell's addition) - -$$ -\nabla \times B = \frac{1}{c} (4\pi J + \frac{\partial E}{\partial t}) -$$ - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141737.png) - - -# Maxwells equation explain EM wave - -Maxwells的完备对称理论表明，电场力和磁力并不是分开的，而是同一事物——电磁力的不同表现形式。 这种力的经典统一是当前试图统一自然界中四种基本力——引力、电力、强核力和弱核力——的动机之一。 - -Maxwells从Maxwells equation中预测了EM wave的存在。 - -Maxwells意识到振荡电荷，就像交流电路中的电荷一样，会产生变化的电场。 他预测这些变化的场会像跳跃的鱼在湖上产生的波浪一样从源头传播。 - -麦克斯韦预测的波将由振荡电场和磁场组成——定义为电磁波（EM 波）。 电磁波能够对距其源很远的电荷施加力，因此它们可能是可检测的。 Maxwells通过求解Maxwells方程组，可以求出EM的速度$c$， - -$$ -c = \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mu_0 \epsilon_0}} = 3 \times 10^8 m/s -$$ - -电磁波的波段处于无法被肉眼观测的波段，直到Maxwells去世后，才被Hertz用实验证实了电磁波的存在。 - -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419155744.png) - -# Reference - -* [Fun fluid-flow illustrations - by 3B1B](https://anvaka.github.io/fieldplay/?cx=0&cy=0&w=8.5398&h=8.5398&dt=0.01&fo=0.998&dp=0.009&cm=1&vf=%2F%2F%20p.x%20and%20p.y%20are%20current%20coordinates%0A%2F%2F%20v.x%20and%20v.y%20is%20a%20velocity%20at%20point%20p%0Avec2%20get_velocity%28vec2%20p%29%20%7B%0A%20%20vec2%20v%20%3D%20vec2%280.%2C%200.%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20%2F%2F%20change%20this%20to%20get%20a%20new%20vector%20field%0A%20%20v.x%20%3D%20p.y%3B%0A%20%20v.y%20%3D%20%28max%28cos%28sin%28p.y%29%29%2Csin%28p.y%29%2Fp.y%29%2Bp.y%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20return%20v%3B%0A%7D&code=%2F%2F%20p.x%20and%20p.y%20are%20current%20coordinates%0A%2F%2F%20v.x%20and%20v.y%20is%20a%20velocity%20at%20point%20p%0Avec2%20get_velocity%28vec2%20p%29%20%7B%0A%20%20vec2%20v%20%3D%20vec2%280.%2C%200.%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20%2F%2F%20change%20this%20to%20get%20a%20new%20vector%20field%0A%20%20v.x%20%3D%20%28max%28p.x%2Cp.y%29%2Bmax%28p.y%2Cp.x%29%29%3B%0A%20%20v.y%20%3D%20p.y%3B%0A%0A%20%20return%20v%3B%0A%7D) -* [Divergence and curl: The language of Maxwell's equations, fluid flow, and more - YouTube vedio by 3b1b](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rB83DpBJQsE) -* [Let There Be Light: Maxwell's Equation EXPLAINED for BEGINNERS - YouTube vedio by Parth G](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jW74lrpeM0) -* [Faraday’s Law - online experiment](https://em.geosci.xyz/content/maxwell1_fundamentals/formative_laws/faraday.html) -* [# Maxwell’s Equations- Electromagnetic Waves Predicted and Observed](https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/College_Physics/Book%3A_College_Physics_1e_(OpenStax)/24%3A_Electromagnetic_Waves/24.01%3A_Maxwells_Equations-_Electromagnetic_Waves_Predicted_and_Observed) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md b/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md deleted file mode 100644 index c53eeec44..000000000 --- a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,52 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Resonant circuit -tags: -- physics -- electric ---- - -以RLC串联电路为例 - -# 什么是谐振 - -电路中电容器$L$、电感器$C$两组件之能量相等，当能量由电路中某一电抗组件释出时，且另一电抗组件必吸收相同之能量，即此两电抗组件间会产生一能量脉动。 - -# 两种简单的谐振电路 -![](synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330160535.png) - - -以串联谐振为例 - -## *Resonant Frequency* - -电容，电阻的[电抗](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md#Electrical%20impedance)相同时发生谐振 - -$$ -|X_C| = |\frac{1}{j2\pi fC}| = |X_L| = |j2\pi fL| -$$ -Rearranging, - -$$ -f^2 = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^2 C L} -$$ - -$$ -f = \frac{1}{2\pi \sqrt{LC}} -$$ - -## 串联谐振特性 - -* 阻抗最小，且为纯电阻，$Z = R+jXL-jXC = R$ - -## **品质因子** ([*Q factor*](physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md)) - -* 电感器或电容器在谐振时产生的电抗功率与电阻器消耗的平均功率之比，称为谐振时之品质因子。 - -$$Q=\frac{Q_L}{P}=\frac{I^2X_L}{I^2R}=\frac{Q_C}{P}=\frac{I^2X_C}{I^2R}=\frac{1}{R}\sqrt{\frac{L}{C}}=\frac{\sqrt{X_LX_C}}{R}$$ - -#### 阻抗与频率的关系 - -$Z = R + j(X_L-X_C)$ -* 当$f＝f_r$时，$Z＝R$为最小值，电路为电阻性； -* 当$f＞f_r$时，$X_L＞X_C$为最小值，电路为电感性； -* 当$f＜f_r$时，$X_L＜X_C$为最小值，电路为电容性。 diff --git a/content/physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md b/content/physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md index 918a92783..f83d1b12e 100644 --- a/content/physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md +++ b/content/physics/Optical/optical_abberation.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ tags: 要解释像差如何使图像模糊，首先要解释一下：什么是混淆圈？ 当来自目标的光点到达镜头，然后会聚在传感器上时，它会很清晰。 否则，如果它在传感器之前或之后会聚，则传感器上的光分布会更广。 这可以在图 1 中看到，其中可以看到点光源会聚在传感器上，但随着传感器位置的变化，沿传感器散布的光量也会发生变化。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif) 光线越分散，图像的焦点就越少。 除非光圈很小，否则图像中彼此距离较大的目标通常会使背景或前景失焦。 这是因为会聚在前景中的光与来自背景中较远目标的光会聚在不同的点。 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ tags: 彗形像差，又称彗星像差，此种像差的分布形状以类似于彗星的拖尾而得名。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424110844.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424110844.png) 这是一些透镜固有的或是光学设计造成的缺点，导致离开光轴的点光源，例如恒星，产生变形。特别是，彗形像差被定义为偏离入射光孔的放大变异。在折射或衍射的光学系统，特别是在宽光谱范围的影像中，彗形像差是波长的函数。 @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ tags: 这可以在图 3 中看到，其中两个焦点由红色水平面和蓝色垂直面表示。 图像中的最佳清晰度点将在这两个点之间，其中任一平面的混淆圈都不太宽。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424111226.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424111226.png) 当光学器件未对准时，散光会导致图像的侧面和边缘失真。 它通常被描述为在查看图像中的线条时缺乏清晰度。 @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ tags: 场曲是图像平面由于多个焦点而变得不平坦的结果。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424112159.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424112159.png) 相机镜头已在很大程度上纠正了这一点，但在许多镜头上可能会发现一些场曲。 一些传感器制造商实际上正在研究可以校正弯曲焦点区域的弯曲传感器。 这种设计将允许传感器校正像差，而不需要以这种精度生产昂贵的镜头设计。 通过实施这种类型的传感器，可以使用更便宜的镜头来产生高质量的结果。 这方面的真实例子可以在开普勒太空天文台看到，那里使用弯曲的传感器阵列来校正望远镜的大型球面光学元件。 @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ tags: 具有桶形失真的图像的边缘和侧面远离中心弯曲。 这在视觉上看起来像是图像中有一个凸起，因为它捕获了弯曲视场 (FoV, field of view) 的外观。 例如，当在高层建筑的高处使用较低焦距的镜头（也称为广角镜头）时，可以捕捉到更宽的 FoV。 如图 5 所示，使用产生非常扭曲和宽 FoV 的鱼眼镜头时，这种情况最为夸张。在此图像中，网格线用于帮助说明失真效果如何在靠近侧面的地方向外产生更拉伸的图像， 边缘。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113453.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113453.png) ### Pincushion distortion （枕型畸变） @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ tags: 这种形式的像差最常见于焦距较长的远摄镜头。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113838.png) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113838.png) ### Mustache distortion @@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ tags: 光的颜色代表特定波长的光。 由于折射，彩色图像将有多个波长进入镜头并聚焦在不同的点。 纵向或轴向色差是由不同波长聚焦在沿光轴的不同点引起的。 波长越短，其焦点将离镜头越近，而波长越远，则反之，离镜头越远，如图 8 所示。通过引入较小的孔径，进入的光仍可能聚焦在不同的位置 点，但“混淆圈”的宽度（直径）会小得多，导致不那么剧烈的模糊。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif) ### Transverse / lateral aberration 导致不同波长沿图像平面分布的离轴光是横向或横向色差。 这会导致图像中主体边缘出现彩色边纹。 这比纵向色差更难校正。 -![](physics/Optical/attachments/Fig_9_Chromatic_aberration_lateral.gif) +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_9_Chromatic_aberration_lateral.gif) 它可以使用引入不同折射率的消色差双合透镜来固定。 通过将可见光谱的两端置于一个焦点上，可以消除色边。 对于横向和纵向色差，减小光圈的大小也有帮助。 此外，在高对比度环境（即具有非常亮的背景的图像）中不成像目标可能是有益的。 在显微镜中，镜头可能使用复消色差透镜 (APO) 而不是消色差透镜，消色差透镜使用三个透镜元件来校正入射光的所有波长。 当颜色最重要时，确保减轻色差将产生最佳效果。 diff --git a/content/physics/Physics_MOC.md b/content/physics/Physics_MOC.md deleted file mode 100644 index 51b417525..000000000 --- a/content/physics/Physics_MOC.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ ---- -title: Physics MOC -tags: -- physics -- MOC ---- - -# Electromagnetism - -* [Electromagnetism MOC](physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a823e2a8d --- /dev/null +++ b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +--- +title: Electric Units +tags: +- ciruit +- basic +- physics +- electric +--- +# Electrical impedance + +$$ +Z = \sqrt{R^2 + {(X_L-X_C)}^2} +$$ + + +* $Z$ = impedance +* $R$ = resistance +* $X_L$ = inductive reactance +* $X_C$ = capacitive reactance + +![](physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230330163734.png) + +**阻抗**是电路中电阻、电感、电容对交流电的阻碍作用的统称。阻抗是一个复数，实部称为**电阻**，虚部称为**电抗**；其中电容在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**容抗**，电感在电路中对交流电所起的阻碍作用称为**感抗**，容抗和感抗合称为**电抗**。 + +阻抗将电阻的概念加以延伸至交流电路领域，不仅描述*电压与电流的相对振幅*，也描述其*相对相位*。当通过电路的电流是直流电时，电阻与阻抗相等，电阻可以视为相位为零的阻抗。 + +## 形式 + +1. $R+jX$ +2. $Z_m\angle\theta$ +3. $Z_m e^{j\theta}$ + +阻抗定义为电压与电流的频域比率。阻抗的大小$Z_{m}$ 是电压振幅与电流振幅的绝对值比率，阻抗的相位 $\theta$是电压与电流的相位差。 + +## 欧姆定律 + +$$ +v = iZ = iZ_m e^{j\theta} +$$ + +阻抗大小$Z_m$的作用恰巧就像电阻，设定电流$i$，就可以计算出阻抗$Z$两端的电压降$v$。相位因子$e^{j\theta}$则是电流滞后于电压的相位差$\theta$ + +> [!tip] +> 在时域中，电流信号会比电压信号慢$\theta T/2\pi$秒 + +## 理想的阻抗 +$$ +Z_R = R +$$ + +$$ +Z_C = \frac{1}{j\omega C} +$$ + +$$ +Z_L = j \omega L +$$ + +* 对于电容，交流电压滞后90°于交流电流； +* 对于电感，交流电压超前90°于交流电流 + +### 容抗 + +$$ +X_C = -j/\omega C +$$ +随着$\omega$趋向于0，电源趋向于直流电源，容抗的绝对值趋向于无穷；*因此，在低频率运作时，电容器貌似断路。假设电源的频率越高，则容抗越低，对于电流通过的阻碍也越低。在高频率运作时，电容器貌似短路。* + +### 阻抗 + +$$ +X_L = j\omega L +$$ +从这方程可以观察到，当交流电源的角频率趋向于零时，电源会趋向于直流电源，感抗会趋向于零，对于电流的通过阻碍越低。*所以，在低频率运作时，电感器貌似短路。假设电源角频率越高，则感抗越高，假设给定电压源振幅，则电流会趋向于零。所以，在高频率运作时，电感器貌似断路。* + + +# Reference + +[电气单位（V，A，Ω，W，...） (rapidtables.org)](https://www.rapidtables.org/zh-CN/electric/Electric_units.html) diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330163734.png b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330163734.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..054eac17d Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330163734.png differ diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330165822.png b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330165822.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6890fdb5 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/electromagnetism/Basic/attachments/Pasted image 20230330165822.png differ diff --git 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files /dev/null and b/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life 1.gif differ diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif b/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif new file mode 100644 index 000000000..115691a61 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif differ diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/output 2.gif b/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/output 2.gif new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08119f823 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/electromagnetism/attachments/output 2.gif differ diff --git a/content/physics/electromagnetism/electromagnetism_MOC.md b/content/physics/electromagnetism/electromagnetism_MOC.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f8e7fb6f --- /dev/null +++ b/content/physics/electromagnetism/electromagnetism_MOC.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +--- +title: Electromagnetism MOC +tags: +- physics +- MOC +- electromagnetism +--- + +# Basic + +* [Electric units](physics/electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md) + +## Advanced + +* [Maxwell's equation](physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md) + +# Circuit + +* [Resonant circuit](physics/electromagnetism/resonant_circuit.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md b/content/physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md similarity index 86% rename from content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md rename to content/physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md index a5644f725..9cb4987fa 100644 --- a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md +++ b/content/physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ Essentially a vector field is what you get if you associate each point in space > [!note] > If you were to draw the vectors to scale, the longer ones end up just cluttering the whole thing, so it's common to basically lie a little and artificially shorten ones that are too long. Maybe using **color to give some vague sense of length**. -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411151612.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411151612.png) ## Divergence -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life.gif) Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed是来衡量在(x, y)点你产生fluid的能力 @@ -44,26 +44,26 @@ Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed是来衡量在(x, y)点你产生fluid的能力 那些fluid流入的sink端，他们的Divergence $\cdot$ Vector filed就是negative的 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411155711.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411155711.png) 同时，如果点可以slow flow in变fast slow out，这个点位的divergence $\cdot$ vector filed也是positive的 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/my-life%201.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/my-life%201.gif) Vector field input point得到的是一个多维的输出，指向一个方向并带有scale；divergence $\cdot$ vector field，它的输出depends on the behavior of the field in small neighborhood around that point。输出为一个数值，衡量这个point acts as a source or a sink -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411161346.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411161346.png) > [!note] > For actual fluid flow: $\text{div} F = 0$ everywhere ## Curl -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/output%202.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/output%202.gif) Curl是衡量fluid在point被rotate的程度，clockwise方向是positive curl，counterclockwise是negative curl。 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/curl.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/curl.gif) 上图中这个点的curl也是非零的，因为fluid上快下慢，result in clockwise influence @@ -94,23 +94,23 @@ F_y = \frac{\partial F_y}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial F_x}{\partial y} $$ -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/calculation_result.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/calculation_result.gif) ### Detail Explanation -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144351.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144351.png) -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144501.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412144501.png) 在$(x_0, y_0)$微分一个很小的tiny step，会有一个新的vector，它与原有的vector会有一个difference。 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/div.gif) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/div.gif) $\text{div} F(x_0, y_0)$其实就是corresponds to $360^\circ$方向的average的Step $\cdot$ Difference 可以想象一个source端，它朝四面发射vector，它的Step $\cdot$ Difference自然就是positive的 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412145732.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230412145732.png) 同理，不难想象的是，$\text{curl} F(x_0, y_0)$是corresponds to Step $\times$ Difference @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ $$ $$ -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411163735.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411163735.png) * $\rho$是charge density * $\epsilon_0$是Epsilon Naught，free space的介电常数，它决定free space空间中电场的强度 @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ $$ \text{div} B = 0 $$ -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411165048.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230411165048.png) 磁场的divergence在任意地方为0，说明磁场的fluid是incompressible的，没有source也没有sinks，就像water一样。也有这样的interpretation，说明magnetic monopoles是不存在的 @@ -156,16 +156,16 @@ $$ \nabla \times E = - \frac{1}{c} \frac{\partial B}{\partial t} $$ -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141438.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141438.png) -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141637.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141637.png) ## Ampère's circuital law (with Maxwell's addition) $$ \nabla \times B = \frac{1}{c} (4\pi J + \frac{\partial E}{\partial t}) $$ -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141737.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419141737.png) # Maxwells equation explain EM wave @@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ $$ 电磁波的波段处于无法被肉眼观测的波段，直到Maxwells去世后，才被Hertz用实验证实了电磁波的存在。 -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419155744.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230419155744.png) # Reference diff --git a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md b/content/physics/electromagnetism/q_factor.md similarity index 96% rename from content/physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md rename to content/physics/electromagnetism/q_factor.md index b51950464..93af96936 100644 --- a/content/physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md +++ b/content/physics/electromagnetism/q_factor.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ In physics and engineering, the quality factor or Q factor is a **dimensionless* -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404144801.png)Fig. A damped oscillation. A low Q factor – about 5 here – means the oscillation dies out rapidly. +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404144801.png)Fig. A damped oscillation. A low Q factor – about 5 here – means the oscillation dies out rapidly. Q因子较高的振子在共振时，在共振频率附近的**振幅较大**，但会产生的共振的**频率范围比较小**，此频率范围可以称为频宽。 @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Q因子较高的振子在共振时，在共振频率附近的**振幅较大**， # Definition -![](physics/Electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404151254.png) +![](physics/electromagnetism/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230404151254.png) Fig. 一阻尼谐振子的频宽, $\Delta f$可以用频率和能量的图来表示。阻尼谐振子（或滤波器）的Q因子为$f_{0}/\Delta f$。Q因子越大，其波峰高度会越高，而其宽度会越窄 diff --git a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md b/content/physics/electromagnetism/resonant_circuit.md similarity index 90% rename from content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md rename to content/physics/electromagnetism/resonant_circuit.md index c53eeec44..08ad28d56 100644 --- a/content/Physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md +++ b/content/physics/electromagnetism/resonant_circuit.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ tags: ## *Resonant Frequency* -电容，电阻的[电抗](physics/Electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md#Electrical%20impedance)相同时发生谐振 +电容，电阻的[电抗](physics/electromagnetism/Basic/Electric_units.md#Electrical%20impedance)相同时发生谐振 $$ |X_C| = |\frac{1}{j2\pi fC}| = |X_L| = |j2\pi fL| @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ $$ * 阻抗最小，且为纯电阻，$Z = R+jXL-jXC = R$ -## **品质因子** ([*Q factor*](physics/Electromagnetism/Q_factor.md)) +## **品质因子** ([*Q factor*](physics/electromagnetism/q_factor.md)) * 电感器或电容器在谐振时产生的电抗功率与电阻器消耗的平均功率之比，称为谐振时之品质因子。 diff --git a/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif b/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif new file mode 100644 index 000000000..442bc8862 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif differ diff --git a/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif b/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eb75a0d01 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif 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000000000..f83d1b12e --- /dev/null +++ b/content/physics/optical/optical_abberation.md @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +--- +title: Optical Abberation +tags: +- optical +- photography +- basic +--- + +# What is optical aberration + +光学像差是指镜头设计中的缺陷，它会导致光线散开而不是聚焦以形成清晰的图像。 范围从图像中的所有光线到只有某些点或边缘失焦。 成像时可能会出现几种类型的光学像差。 构建一个校正了所有可能像差的理想视觉系统会显着增加镜头的成本。 实际上，镜头中总会存在某种形式的像差，但将像差的影响降至最低至关重要。 因此，制造任何镜头通常都会做出一些妥协。 + +# Circle of confusion + +要解释像差如何使图像模糊，首先要解释一下：什么是混淆圈？ 当来自目标的光点到达镜头，然后会聚在传感器上时，它会很清晰。 否则，如果它在传感器之前或之后会聚，则传感器上的光分布会更广。 这可以在图 1 中看到，其中可以看到点光源会聚在传感器上，但随着传感器位置的变化，沿传感器散布的光量也会发生变化。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_1_Circles_of_confusion.gif) + +光线越分散，图像的焦点就越少。 除非光圈很小，否则图像中彼此距离较大的目标通常会使背景或前景失焦。 这是因为会聚在前景中的光与来自背景中较远目标的光会聚在不同的点。 + +# Types of Optical Aberration + +## Coma（慧差） + + +彗形像差，又称彗星像差，此种像差的分布形状以类似于彗星的拖尾而得名。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424110844.png) + +这是一些透镜固有的或是光学设计造成的缺点，导致离开光轴的点光源，例如恒星，产生变形。特别是，彗形像差被定义为偏离入射光孔的放大变异。在折射或衍射的光学系统，特别是在宽光谱范围的影像中，彗形像差是波长的函数。 + +## Astigmatism （像散） + +在两个垂直平面中传播的光线在聚焦于不同点时可能会产生像散。 + +这可以在图 3 中看到，其中两个焦点由红色水平面和蓝色垂直面表示。 图像中的最佳清晰度点将在这两个点之间，其中任一平面的混淆圈都不太宽。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424111226.png) + +当光学器件未对准时，散光会导致图像的侧面和边缘失真。 它通常被描述为在查看图像中的线条时缺乏清晰度。 + +这种形式的像差可以使用大多数优质光学器件中的适当透镜设计来校正。 固定散光的光学元件的最初设计是由卡尔蔡司完成的，并且已经发展了一百多年。 在这一点上，它通常只出现在质量非常低的镜头中，或者内部光学元件已损坏或通过镜头滴移动的情况下。 + +## (Petzval) Field Curvature （场曲） + +许多镜头都有圆形的焦点。 这会导致图像出现柔和的角，主要是使图像的中心保持在焦点上。 然而，大多数镜头都有一些圆形的焦点，如果不进行一些裁剪，就无法聚焦整个图像。 + +场曲是图像平面由于多个焦点而变得不平坦的结果。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424112159.png) + +相机镜头已在很大程度上纠正了这一点，但在许多镜头上可能会发现一些场曲。 一些传感器制造商实际上正在研究可以校正弯曲焦点区域的弯曲传感器。 这种设计将允许传感器校正像差，而不需要以这种精度生产昂贵的镜头设计。 通过实施这种类型的传感器，可以使用更便宜的镜头来产生高质量的结果。 这方面的真实例子可以在开普勒太空天文台看到，那里使用弯曲的传感器阵列来校正望远镜的大型球面光学元件。 + +## Distortion (畸变) + +畸变是指当一物体通过Lens系统成像时，会产生一种对物体不同部分有不同的放大率的像差，此种像差会导致物像的相似性变坏。但不影响像的清晰度。 根据对物体周边及中心有放大率的差异此种像差可分为两类： + +### Barrel distortion （桶形畸变） + +具有桶形失真的图像的边缘和侧面远离中心弯曲。 这在视觉上看起来像是图像中有一个凸起，因为它捕获了弯曲视场 (FoV, field of view) 的外观。 例如，当在高层建筑的高处使用较低焦距的镜头（也称为广角镜头）时，可以捕捉到更宽的 FoV。 如图 5 所示，使用产生非常扭曲和宽 FoV 的鱼眼镜头时，这种情况最为夸张。在此图像中，网格线用于帮助说明失真效果如何在靠近侧面的地方向外产生更拉伸的图像， 边缘。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113453.png) + + +### Pincushion distortion （枕型畸变） + +当光线通过枕形畸变向光轴弯曲时，图像看起来会向内拉伸。 因此，图像的边缘和侧面看起来会向图像的中心弯曲。 + +这种形式的像差最常见于焦距较长的远摄镜头。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Pasted%20image%2020230424113838.png) + +### Mustache distortion + +**小胡子畸变**😂是枕形失真和桶形失真的组合。 这会导致图像的内部向外弯曲，而图像的外部向内弯曲。 小胡子失真是一种相当罕见的像差，其中不止一种失真模式会影响图像。 小胡子畸变通常是镜头设计非常糟糕的标志，因为这是导致像差融合的光学错误的高潮。 + + +## Chromatic （位置色差） + +### Longitudinal / axial aberration + +光的颜色代表特定波长的光。 由于折射，彩色图像将有多个波长进入镜头并聚焦在不同的点。 纵向或轴向色差是由不同波长聚焦在沿光轴的不同点引起的。 波长越短，其焦点将离镜头越近，而波长越远，则反之，离镜头越远，如图 8 所示。通过引入较小的孔径，进入的光仍可能聚焦在不同的位置 点，但“混淆圈”的宽度（直径）会小得多，导致不那么剧烈的模糊。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_8_Chromatic_abberation_animation.gif) + +### Transverse / lateral aberration + +导致不同波长沿图像平面分布的离轴光是横向或横向色差。 这会导致图像中主体边缘出现彩色边纹。 这比纵向色差更难校正。 + +![](physics/optical/attachments/Fig_9_Chromatic_aberration_lateral.gif) + +它可以使用引入不同折射率的消色差双合透镜来固定。 通过将可见光谱的两端置于一个焦点上，可以消除色边。 对于横向和纵向色差，减小光圈的大小也有帮助。 此外，在高对比度环境（即具有非常亮的背景的图像）中不成像目标可能是有益的。 在显微镜中，镜头可能使用复消色差透镜 (APO) 而不是消色差透镜，消色差透镜使用三个透镜元件来校正入射光的所有波长。 当颜色最重要时，确保减轻色差将产生最佳效果。 + +# Reference + +* [SIX OPTICAL ABERRATIONS THAT COULD BE IMPACTING YOUR VISION SYSTEM, https://www.lumenera.com](https://www.lumenera.com/blog/six-optical-aberrations-that-could-be-impacting-your-vision-system) +* [光学像差重要知识点详解|光学经典理论, 知乎 - 监控李誉](https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/40149006) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/Physics/Physics_MOC.md b/content/physics/physics_MOC.md similarity index 55% rename from content/Physics/Physics_MOC.md rename to content/physics/physics_MOC.md index 51b417525..60e5311c3 100644 --- a/content/Physics/Physics_MOC.md +++ b/content/physics/physics_MOC.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ tags: # Electromagnetism -* [Electromagnetism MOC](physics/Electromagnetism/Electromagnetism_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file +* [Electromagnetism MOC](physics/electromagnetism/electromagnetism_MOC.md) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/content/physics/wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif b/content/physics/wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5bb9a9c5 Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif differ diff --git a/content/physics/wave/attachments/Pasted image 20230418153538.png b/content/physics/wave/attachments/Pasted image 20230418153538.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c9145108e Binary files /dev/null and b/content/physics/wave/attachments/Pasted image 20230418153538.png differ diff --git a/content/physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md b/content/physics/wave/doppler_effect.md similarity index 96% rename from content/physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md rename to content/physics/wave/doppler_effect.md index 02a8a186c..3020c7063 100644 --- a/content/physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md +++ b/content/physics/wave/doppler_effect.md @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ $$ ## Example -![](physics/Wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif) +![](physics/wave/attachments/Dopplereffectsourcemovingrightatmach0.7.gif) 其中$v_s = 0.7c$，波前开始在源的右侧（前面）聚集，并在源的左侧（后面）进一步分开。 diff --git a/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Antenna.md b/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Antenna.md index 8adb39082..658ba33ed 100644 --- a/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Antenna.md +++ b/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Antenna.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags: # Theorem you need know -* [🧷Resonant circuit](physics/Electromagnetism/Resonant_circuit.md) +* [🧷Resonant circuit](physics/electromagnetism/resonant_circuit.md) # What is antenna @@ -117,11 +117,11 @@ radiation要考虑两个方面，一方面激发电场那边提供的电子的 > pulse就像你丢了一颗石头下去，弦波就像你按照周期去丢 > [!hint] -> 根据[Maxwell's equations](physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md) +> 根据[Maxwell's equations](physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md) > > 当电磁波在导线中存在的时候，它是需要时变的电流或者说是加减速的电荷来support。在传输线里，需要source才能有场； > -> 但是在解[Maxwell's equations](physics/Electromagnetism/Maxwells_equation.md)的时候，是有一组homogeneous的解，这组解指的是，你不需要source的存在的场，这个场指的是free-space wave； +> 但是在解[Maxwell's equations](physics/electromagnetism/maxwells_equation.md)的时候，是有一组homogeneous的解，这组解指的是，你不需要source的存在的场，这个场指的是free-space wave； > > 所以，天线本质上就是一个interface，将导线内需要source的场，变成不需要source的场，也就是free-space wave diff --git a/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Chirp.md b/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Chirp.md index 2c335bf60..1175ac75a 100644 --- a/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Chirp.md +++ b/content/synthetic_aperture_radar_imaging/Chirp.md @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ $$ ## Hyperbolic -双曲线线性调频用于雷达应用，因为它们在被多普勒效应([Doppler Effect](physics/Wave/Doppler_Effect.md))扭曲后显示出最大的匹配滤波器([Matched filter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matched_filter))响应。 +双曲线线性调频用于雷达应用，因为它们在被多普勒效应([Doppler Effect](physics/wave/doppler_effect.md))扭曲后显示出最大的匹配滤波器([Matched filter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matched_filter))响应。 signal frequency: