diff --git a/content/notes/09-wireless-networking.md b/content/notes/09-wireless-networking.md index c0a6bc91a..a1cc26097 100644 --- a/content/notes/09-wireless-networking.md +++ b/content/notes/09-wireless-networking.md @@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ IEEE 802 Standards - 802.11aj -- 15Gbps, mmWave - 802.11ay -- 20Gbps, mmWave +> [!INFO] millimeter wave still not popular but very fast. might be dangerous to human health. very short range +> wifi has different frequency band in different countries. same frequency band but different "sub freqs" - channel + Operation Modes of 802.11 - Independent or ad-hoc mode - Nodes in an ad-hoc network communicate without any need for network infrastructure such as an AP, or network level services such as DHCP, DNS @@ -39,9 +42,14 @@ Operation Modes of 802.11 - Higher network layers such as data link and IP are configured using the same methods as any wired Ethernet. Most commonly DHCP is used - Further security measures may be employed to manage security risks associated with wireless +> [!INFO] more bandwidth = higher speed but less range + Ad Hoc mode ![](https://i.imgur.com/LwTjKdU.png) -> [!INFO] +> [!INFO] e.g., peer to peer directly between laptops. e.g., airdrop, bluetooth, android wifi direct +> can set up computer to copmuter network. +> you can make any host an access point. and set it up as a server to route traffic to the internet. but this would be a slow AP +> dont need configuration. i.e., no DHCP nor DNS Infrastructure mode ![](https://i.imgur.com/GuhlwVA.png) @@ -120,4 +128,42 @@ Security Issues - Man-in-the-middle attacks - AP Spoofing -> [!INFO] \ No newline at end of file +> [!INFO] + +Uses of Wireless +- When cables are a hassle/liability ✔ +- Transient networks ✔ +- Hotspots✔ +- Backup links ✔ +- Reliability ✗ +- Security (can be managed) ✗ +- Speed ✗ + +Channel Layout +- 13 channels (1, 2, …, 13) +- Hex-pattern layout for non-overlapping channels + - But don’t forget that space is 3D +- Limit number of nodes to about 30 per AP +![|200](https://i.imgur.com/Kq0zHzP.png) + +Antenna Types +- Omni-directional + - Diversity antennas + - High-gain Omni +![|100](https://i.imgur.com/xLFfzdX.png) ![|150](https://i.imgur.com/GkPoavC.png) + +Antenna Types +- Directional + - Panel, Yagi, Parabolic + - Shown is a Wave-Guide “cantenna” + - Trade off polar coverage for distance + - dBi is used to measure the gain: 10*log10(PD/PO), PD is the power for directional, PO is the power for standard omnidirectional. +![](https://i.imgur.com/RwgaD7b.png) + + +![Directional Antennas](https://i.imgur.com/4BzfacB.png) +![DIY Antennas](https://i.imgur.com/ZQ0WHin.png) +![Frying scoop parabolic](https://i.imgur.com/YTwXLbT.png) +![Coffee Can WaveguideD](https://i.imgur.com/bLNbhhC.png) +![Easy Parabolic](https://i.imgur.com/MsdBygq.png) +