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gentoo
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content/Gentoo_linux.md
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content/Gentoo_linux.md
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https://www.gentoo.org/
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- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Main_Page
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Gentoo installs everything from source (except new bin repo!).
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It uses the source code and the building instruction Ebuild.
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the **[gentoolkit](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoolkit)** contains helpful tools e.g.
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```bash
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# euse get mening of useflag
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euse -i gpm
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# enable flag
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euse -E gpm
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# disable flag
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euse -D gpm
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# switch of X11 suport for package
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flaggie app-editors/vim -X
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# show architecture compatibility and version info
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eshowkw cups
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# get more info about ebuild
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equery
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# unmask package for compilation
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flaggie app-editors/vim +~amd64
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```
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[eix](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Eix) is a tool to help with searching the ebuild repository.
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## install
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install not from Gentoo live image but from another distro with GUI!
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1) boot from any linux cd.
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2) create fielsystem and partitions like in [[Archlinux]] install. Be sure if using GPT or MBR!!
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3) mount disks to `/mnt/gentoo`
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4) `cd /mnt/gentoo/`
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5) `wget https://distfiles.gentoo.org/releases/amd64/autobuilds/20231224T164659Z/stage3-amd64-desktop-openrc-20231224T164659Z.tar.xz` get the stage 3 tar.xz
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6) `tar xpvf stage3-*.tar.xz --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner` extract arcive
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7) compile options `nano /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/make.conf`
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- check `COMMON_FLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe"`
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- if not all cores change: `MAKEOPTS="-j4 -l5"`
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- add `RUSTFLAGS="${RUSTFLAGS} -C target-cpu=native"`
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- Links:
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- https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/
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- https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki//etc/portage/make.conf
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- https://github.com/MentalOutlaw/deploygentoo/blob/master/gentoo/portage/make.conf
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8) select portage mirrors
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add `GENTOO_MIRRORS="https://ftp.snt.utwente.nl/pub/os/linux/gentoo/"` in `etc/portage/make.conf`
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9) ~~Gentoo ebuild repository~~
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`cp /mnt/gentoo/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf`
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10) copy DNS: `cp --dereference /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/`
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11) mounting file systems:
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```bash
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mount --types proc /proc /mnt/gentoo/proc
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mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
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mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/sys
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mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
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mount --make-rslave /mnt/gentoo/dev
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mount --bind /run /mnt/gentoo/run
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mount --make-slave /mnt/gentoo/run
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chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
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source /etc/profile
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export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"
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```
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11) (optional, if low ram) create swap
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12) install ebuild repository: ```emerge-webrsync```
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13) (optional) update rep: ```emerge --sync```
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14) (optional) Reading news items:
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1)```eselect news list
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eselect news read 1 | less```
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15) Choosing the right profile
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1) this selects the @World packages (`emerge --info`)
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2) `eselect profile list` and `eselect profile set 27` or the one you want.
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16) set additional USE items (optional)
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1) copy the USE variable to the make.conf `emerge --info | grep ^USE`
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2) to remove a item you need to add a `-` in front.
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3) ```USE="X a52 aac acl acpi activities alsa amd64 bluetooth branding bzip2 cairo cdda cdr cet crypt cups dbus declarative dri dts dvd dvdr elogind encode exif flac gdbm gif gpm gui iconv icu ipv6 jpeg kde kwallet lcms libnotify libtirpc lzma mad mng mp3 mp4 mpeg multilib ncurses networkmanager nls ogg opengl openmp pam pango pcre pdf pipewire plasma png policykit ppds pulseaudio qml qt5 readline screencast sdl seccomp semantic-desktop sound spell ssl startup-notification svg tcpd test-rust tiff truetype udev udisks unicode upower usb vorbis vulkan wayland widgets wxwidgets x264 xattr xcb xft xml xv xvid zlib zstd"```
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17) ACCEPT_LICENSE variable: `ACCEPT_LICENSE="*"` in make.conf
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18) update: `emerge --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world`
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19) (otional) install other editor: `emerge -p app-editors/vim`
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20) time zone: `echo "Europe/Vienna" > /etc/timezone`
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21) `emerge --config sys-libs/timezone-data`
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22) Locale generation: `echo "de_AT.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.gen`
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23) `locale-gen`
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24) check locale: `eselect locale list`
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25) select now locale: `eselect locale set 4`
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26) ```env-update && source /etc/profile && export PS1="(chroot) ${PS1}"```
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27) create [/etc/portage/package.license](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki//etc/portage/package.license)
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28) [install kernal](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Handbook:X86/Installation/Kernel) (i use the binary hire):
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1) Linux Firmware:
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- `emerge --ask sys-kernel/linux-firmware`
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2) bootloader:
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- add `grub` to useflags
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- `emerge --ask sys-kernel/installkernel`
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- maybe you need to run `dispatch-conf`
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3) initramfs
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- add `dracut` to useflags
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- `emerge --ask sys-kernel/installkernel`
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4) get binary kernal
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- `emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-kernel-bin`
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- or kernal from source `emerge --ask sys-kernel/gentoo-kernel`
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- ~~`emerge --autounmask-write gentoo-kernel-bin linux-firmware intel-microcode installkernel`~~
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5) kernal modules: `find /lib/modules/<kernel version>/ -type f -iname '*.o' -or -iname '*.ko' | less`
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1) but will be automaticly enabled by udev!
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29) (optional) intel mircocodes: `emerge --ask sys-firmware/intel-microcode`. AMD is in firmware included.
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30) check kernal install `eselect kernel list`
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31) generate /etc/fstab
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32) network config
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33) hostname `echo gentoo > /etc/hostname`
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34) hostsfile
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35) `passwd`
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36) install aditonal packages
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1) `emerge dhcpcd sudo screenfetch app-misc/screen gentoolkit app-misc/resolve-march-native`
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37) grub bootloader
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1) `grub-install /dev/sda`
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2) `grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg`
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38) set sudoers: `EDITOR=nano visudo`
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39) `useradd -m -G wheel,users,video,audio,usb -s /bin/bash x4x`
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40) `passwd x4x`
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41) `rm -rf stage3-amd64-*.tar.xz`
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42) `systemctl enable --now dhcpcd`
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### install desktop
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```bash
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emerge --autounmask-write --autounmask dev-util/xxdiff
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emerge --ask app-text/wgetpaste
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emerge app-portage/cfg-update
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# check lua version in make.conf!
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emerge kde-plasma/plasma-meta
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emerge x11-misc/sddm
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emerge gui-libs/display-manager-init
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#rc-service display-manager start
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rc-update add display-manager default
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usermod -a -G video sddm
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emerge media-libs/mesa
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emerge x11-terms/xterm
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emerge --autounmask-write --newuse x11-base/xorg-server
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# set in make.conf
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# INPUT_DEVICE="libinput"
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# VIDEO_DEVICE="virtio vmware intel"
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emerge --newuse x11-base/xorg-drivers
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env-update
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source /etc/profile
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# todo
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emerge kde-apps/dolphin
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emerge kde-apps/konsole
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emerge sys-apps/usbutils
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#emerge --autounmask-write kde-apps/kde-apps-meta
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emerge --autounmask-write kde-apps/kdecore-meta
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```
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### fixes
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```bash
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dispatch-conf # fix emerge config problems
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# update
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emaint --auto sync
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emerge --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world
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etc-update
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# system update
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emaint sync
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emerge -uDU --keep-going --with-bdeps=y @world
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#emerge -avuUD @world
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# search package
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emerge --search firefox
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emerge --info firefox
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# remove package
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emerge -cev firefox
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emerge --unmerge firefox
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# remove with ignoring dependencys
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emerge -C firefox
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# dependensy problems
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emerge --autounmask-write kde-apps/kde-apps-meta
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emerge --autounmask-continue kde-apps/kde-apps-meta
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# compile build to package
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emerge --buildpkg firefox
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PKGDIR=/mnt/cdrom/packages
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emerge --usepkg firefox
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```
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### cpu flags
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- https://wikitest.gentoo.org/wiki/CPU_FLAGS_X86
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```bash
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emerge app-portage/cpuid2cpuflags
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cpuid2cpuflags
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echo "*/* $(cpuid2cpuflags)" > /etc/portage/package.use/00cpu-flags
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```
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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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# Welchome to my Site
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# Welcome to my Site
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I’m a System administrator with +7 years experience.
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In my prior career i was a electronic engineer.
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