---
title: "birth-of-hci"
tags: 
- info203
---

ENIAC (one of the first programmable, electronic computers) 1946, and the first six programmers: Kay McNulty, Betty Jennings, Betty Snyder, Marlyn Meltzer, Fran Bilas, and Ruth Lichterman

![](https://i.imgur.com/w6khmh5.png)

DEC PDP-8 and TI 980 (1960鈥檚), PDP-8 is an octal computer (switches in three-bit configurations), TI 980 is a hexadecimal machine (4-bit configuration). Not interactive

![](https://i.imgur.com/XBP75oa.png)


Batch processing using punch cards, still not interactive (1950s -1970s)

![](https://i.imgur.com/qsu2duq.png)

IBM System/360 (mainframe computer in the 70s), Altair 8800 (one of the first home computers)

![](https://i.imgur.com/dAYc8ru.png)


visicalc (Dan Bricklin 1979), and Apple II (1977)

![](https://i.imgur.com/zXmd89L.png)


Sutherland, Ivan Edward (January 1963). "Sketchpad: A man-machine graphical communication system, MIT press.

![](https://i.imgur.com/0I0xCKL.png)

Sutherland, Ivan Edward (January 1963). "Sketchpad: A man-machine graphical communication system, MIT press.

![](https://i.imgur.com/PkQWnPU.png)

1968 - 鈥淭he Sword of Damocles鈥? Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), 鈥淎 head-mounted three dimensional display鈥?

![](https://i.imgur.com/XPPjzNS.png)


1968 - 鈥淭he Sword of Damocles鈥? Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), 鈥淎 head-mounted three dimensional display鈥?

![](https://i.imgur.com/cvhyx7u.png)

1968 - 鈥淭he Sword of Damocles鈥? Sutherland, Ivan Edward (1968), 鈥淎 head-mounted three dimensional display鈥?

![](https://i.imgur.com/yYAxe2d.png)

鈥淭he Mother of All Demos鈥?, presented by Douglas Engelbart (1968) at (ACM/IEEE) Computer Society's Fall Joint Computer Conference See full demo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJDv-zdhzMY

![](https://i.imgur.com/u9McBxK.png)

鈥淒ynabook鈥? Alan C. Kay. (1972), 鈥淧ersonal Computer for Children of All Ages鈥?

![](https://i.imgur.com/8IlrB6e.png)

Apple Newton (1993) and Apple iPad (2010)

![](https://i.imgur.com/cpLSLUm.png)

Graphical User Interface supporting 鈥淲hat You See Is What You Get鈥? (WYSIWYG), the Desktop metaphor (files, folders, etc.), Xerox Parc/Xeroc Star

![](https://i.imgur.com/ccSlueJ.png)

Graphical User Interface supporting 鈥淲hat You See Is What You Get鈥? (WYSIWYG), the Desktop metaphor (files, folders, etc.), Xerox Parc/Xeroc Star

![](https://i.imgur.com/GY8teow.png)

1992/93 - IBM Simon First smartphone Phone, pager, calculator, address book, fax machine, and e-mail device

![](https://i.imgur.com/PmVH5Xt.png)

Ramesh Raskar, Greg Welch, Matt Cutts, Adam Lake, Lev Stesin and Henry Fuchs (1998) "The Office of the Future : A Unified Approach to Image-Based Modeling and Spatially Immersive Displays,"

![](https://i.imgur.com/7HLtUzS.png)

1981 - Steve Manns鈥檚 鈥淲earable Computing鈥? Start of a series of prototypes for wearable computing, cyborgs, and mediated reality (-> Google Glass) www.wearcam.org, www.eyetap.org

![](https://i.imgur.com/pJtEw93.png)

Nokia N95 (2007) and Apple iPhone (2007)

![](https://i.imgur.com/RZ2K6pv.png)

Major innovations in HCI (Myers 1998)

![](https://i.imgur.com/uwGf8NN.png)
